Telling Time. James Hutton “The Father of Geology” Uniformitarianism.

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Presentation transcript:

Telling Time

James Hutton “The Father of Geology” Uniformitarianism

Relative vs Absolute Dating

Principles of Relative Dating Principle of… Original Horizontality Superposition Cross Cutting Relationships Inclusions Faunal Succession

(1) Principle of Original Horizontality

2. Principle of Superposition Youngest Strata Oldest Strata

(3) Principle of Crosscutting Relationships

(4) Principle of Inclusions

(5) Principle of Faunal Succession Sketch by Baron Cuvier ( )

William “Strata” Smith

Diatoms

Example of Relative Time 1 Oldest - D - B - C - E - Youngest

Example 2 of Relative Time Oldest - G - E K - D - L - A - M - B - I - O H - C - F N - Youngest

Unconformities Gaps in the Rock = Gaps in Time

Types of Conformity - Angular Unconformity

Angular Unconformity in the Grand Canyon

The Angular Unconformity at Siccar Point, Scotland Source: Edward A. Hay, De Anza College, Cupertino, CA

Types of Conformity - Nonconformity

Types of Conformity - Disconformity

Nonconformity - Grand Canyon

Example of Relative Time 1

Correlation

Colorado Plateau Correlation

Geologic Time Scale

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