Plant reproduction I. Flowers A. Pollen grains and ovules B. Reproduction in general C. Flower parts D. Flower characteristics II. Fertilization A. Pollination B. Double fertilization III. Seeds and fruits A. Anatomy of a seed B. Seed dispersal C. Fruit formation D. Fruit types

I. Flowers A. Pollen grains and ovules B. Reproduction in general germ cell tube cell 7 cells, 8 nucleiovary ovules haploid (1n) versus diploid (2n) polar nuclei egg central cell

C. Flower parts p163 (carpel) (1n) (2n) sepals/calyx /corolla peduncle anther

1.perfect and imperfect; complete and incomplete 2.ovary position 3.symmetry D. Flower characteristics female male inferior ovarysuperior ovary bilateral symmetryradial symmetry

spadix 4. Inflorescences pp solitary

II. Fertilization A.Pollination 1. Definition 2. Barriers to self pollination 3. Attraction and rewards Barriers to self pollination time of maturation genetic differences nectar guides mimic high

A. Pollination 4. types animal self buzz wind Cross pollination Self pollination

B. Double fertilization p175 pollen pollen tube endosperm embryo ovule Monocots versus dicots

III. Seeds and fruits A. Anatomy of a seed Monocots versus dicots micropyle hilum

B. Seed dispersal

C. Fruit formation exocarp mesocarp endocarp pericarp

Fruit typeOrigin Simple Single ovary 1. berry Examples Other Many seeds Fleshy endo 2. drupe One seed Stony endo 3. pome Many seeds Papery endo D. Fruit types a. hesperidium Juice sacs Leathery pericarp b. pepo Many seeds Inseparable exo Aggregate Many ovaries Same flower Many fused fruits Multiple Many ovaries Many flowers

The end Homework: compare apples and oranges