1 The Challenge of Changing Harold V. Langlois

2 Two Questions Facing Us Each Day What is the value of my available choices? What is the value of my available choices? How much does each choice cost? How much does each choice cost? Moment-to-Moment Living is a algorithm problem of investment and returns – we want the most return for the least investment.

3 Winners and Losers Those that accurately estimate the costs and the long-term benefits of choices will be more efficient than those that don’t—and in the long term these are the winners. Read Montague

4 Three Basic Principles of the Brain Recharge or die Recharge or die Be as efficient as possible Be as efficient as possible Conserve energy and run cool Conserve energy and run cool

5 The Differences Between Thinking Probability Probability Anxiety driven by fear of being wrong Anxiety driven by fear of being wrong Discomforting Discomforting Desire to learn Desire to learn Use conflict as a source of creative energy Use conflict as a source of creative energy Emotions are the glue that hold the event together Emotions are the glue that hold the event together Based on change Based on change Leadership Challenge Leadership ChallengeKnowing Certainty Certainty Confirmation driven by the need to be right Confirmation driven by the need to be right Comforting Comforting Desire to control Desire to control Eliminate conflict to avoid distraction Eliminate conflict to avoid distraction Avoid emotional entanglements Avoid emotional entanglements Based on repetition Based on repetition Management challenge Management challenge

6 Decision Making Probability of Getting It Right

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8 The Pre- and Post-Change Map

9 Summary Perceptions of change influence behavioral choices Perceptions of change influence behavioral choices Past experiences create a sense of meaning which has a significant impact on the way that we perceive the future Past experiences create a sense of meaning which has a significant impact on the way that we perceive the future