Metamorphic Rocks Rocks Under Stress. Metamorphism Recrystalization Solid-State Chemical Reactions No Melting.

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Presentation transcript:

Metamorphic Rocks Rocks Under Stress

Metamorphism Recrystalization Solid-State Chemical Reactions No Melting

Parent Rock Composition Temperature Pressure Fluids Factors that affect Metamorphism

Parent Rock Composition Temperature Pressure Fluids Factors that affect Metamorphism

Parent Rock Composition Temperature Pressure Fluids Factors that affect Metamorphism Lithostatic pressure Directional Pressure

Directed Pressure Results in: Foliation

Foliation Under a Microscope

Metamorphic Grade

Parent Rock Composition Temperature Pressure Fluids Factors that affect Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

High T, Low P Metamorphism Contact Metamorphism

Increase of T and P Together Regional Metamorphism

Regional Metamorphism

Lots of Hot Fluids Hydrothermal Metamorphism

Metamorphic Rocks - Identification

Metamorphic Textures (All Crystalline) Foliated Nonfoliated

Foliation

Composition - Minerals

Foliated Metamorphic Rocks

Nonfolited Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks - Interpretation

Parent Rock Composition Temperature Pressure Fluids Type of Metamorphism Metamorphic Rock “Translations”

Chemical Composition Mineral Composition Texture: Foliation Parent Rock (Protolith) T & P of Formation (Depth, Type, & Facies)

Chemical Composition - Parent Rock (Protolith) Overall chemical composition of the protolith is the same as the metamorphic rock created. Protolith Felsic Mafic All Quartz All Calcite Metamorphic Rock Felsic Mafic Quartz Calcite

NonFoliated Rocks Parent Rock Limestone Marble (Low to High Grade)

Nonfoliated Rocks (cont.) Quartzite Metacoglomerate Parent Rocks Sandstone Conglomerate

Mineral Composition - Index Minerals Felsic Protolith

Mineral Composition - Mineral Assemblages

Mineral Composition - Geothermometers Rock Forms: °C Staurolite - Forms °C Garnet - Forms °C Muscovite - Forms °C

Mineral Composition & Texture tell us about Metamorphic Environments (= Metamorphic Facies)

Metamorphic Facies

Facies and Rock Type

Foliated Metamorphic Rocks Parent Rock - Shale Slate (Low Grade) Phyllite (Low Grade)

Foliated Rocks (cont.) Phyllite (Low Grade) Schist (Medium Grade)

Foliated Rocks (cont.) Felsic Parent Rock Gneiss (High Grade) Migmatite (Very High Grade)

Metamorphic Facies

Intermission: Quiz What Can you say about the history of this rock? Schist Metamorphism of a shale parent rock under medium grade metamorphic conditions. (Specific index minerals would tell you specific T & P.)

Intermission: Quiz What Can you say about the history of this rock? Marble Metamorphism of a limestone parent rock. Grade could be low, medium or high. Parent rock formed in a shallow tropical ocean.

Rock Cycle Magma Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Sediment Crystallization Melting Metamorphism Lithification Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition