Racial Stigma EC 1370 Prof. Glenn C. Loury February 4, 2010

Inter-marriage Interracial Marriage Signifies Assimilation History of anti-miscegenation laws. –Maryland first, 1661 –Most states had by late 19 th century –1967: Sup. Ct. outlaws in Loving vs. Virginia Inter-marriage will change how we think about race Identity choices/dilemmas for children.

Mid-1960s: welfare policy becomes “raced” in media coverage and the American public mind Correlation: r =.03 ( ) r =.68 ( )

Social Capital in a Diverse Society: Who Bridges? Who Bonds? Robert D. Putnam Harvard University

Neighborhood Racial Composition Preferences

Two Paths to Civic Incorporation Europe (Welfare State Remedies for Social Marginality) Unemployment/welfare are seen as problems of “social exclusion” Social-democratic activism incorporate marginal into “mainstream” versus United States (A Quasi-Paternalism Governs the Poor) Social dysfunction, behavioral pathology, and personal disorganization as the sources of marginality “Telling the Poor What to Do” (Help and Hassle) –Directive, supervisory, and punitive policies –Supports to enable preferred behavior (faith-based)

The American Path Chosen: Change in Numbers Incarcerated and Receiving Cash Aid: