Information Technology Chapter 1 Information Technology
Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT) Business today IT trends
IS IS collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose IS contains Input Process Output Feedback Environment Formal or informal IS
IS Components Hardware Software Database Network Procedures People
IS Computer-Based Information System (CBIS) IS uses compute technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks
Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT) Business today IT trends
IT Technological side or subsystem of an IS IT contains Hardware Database Software Network Other devices
Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT) Business today IT trends
Business Today Pressures Responses Business Technological Societal Strategic systems Continuous improvement efforts Business process reengineering (BPR) Business alliances Electronic commerce
Business Pressure Market Changing workforce Powerful customer Global economy Strong competition Changing workforce Powerful customer
Technological Pressure Innovation Obsolescence Information overload
Societal Pressure Social responsibility Regulation & deregulation Shrinking budget & subsidies Ethical issue Privacy
Strategic System Response Strategic information systems Innovation Competitive advantage
Continuous Improvement Efforts Productivity Cost Output Just-in-time Total quality management (TQM) Data & information monitoring
Continuous Improvement Efforts Timely & accurate decision making Managing information and knowledge effectively Innovation and creativity Change management Customer service
BPR Cycle time and time to market Decentralization & collaborative work Customer-focused approach Restructuring and team-based structure Enterprise resource planning (ERP) and supply chain management
Business Alliances Joint ventures Virtual corporation
Electronic Commerce Types Purpose Intranet Extranet Internet Increase productivity Decrease cost
Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT) Business today IT trends
IT Trends Hardware Software Data Telecommunications Ubiquitous computing End-users
Hardware Trends Mainframe to microcomputer to network computer Size Speed Memory Costs Client/server architecture Centralized to decentralized resource control Departmental purchases
Software Trends Large to small system development Rapid development (6-month window) Reusable code (packages) Outsourcing 3GL to 4GL to 5GL to ??? Intelligent agent
Data Trends Mainframe to PC Keystroke/optical scanning/voice Multimedia voice/animation/video digitizing Data warehousing Data mining
Telecommunication Trends Network enterprise Internet Intranet Extranet E-commerce
Ubiquitous Computing Integrated home computing Smart card TV turns down sound when you answer phone VCR pauses when microwave popcorn ready Car is tuned remotely Smart card
Ubiquitous Computing Technology Palm pilot Bar code scanner Wireless phone Internet search engine
End-user Trends More knowledgeable users More opportunities for More demanding of IT More opportunities for Misuse of IT resources Mischief Computer crime IT people as communicators
Eight Critical Technology Trends Harry Dent, The Roaring 2000s, (Simon & Schuster, 1998) 1. Vast computer power 2. Portable and home PCs 3. Computer in simple and inexpensive appliances 4. Microprocessor-embedded home appliances linked to Internet
Eight Critical Technology Trends 5. Online consumers 6. Expansion of communication bandwidths 7. Object-oriented programming 8. Computer literacy
Points to Remember Information system (IS) Information technology (IT) Business today IT trends
Issues The usage in business The downside of such usage Your opinions
Discussion Questions What are the components of an information system in your organization? What are the pressure to use IS or IT in your organization? How does your organization utilize IS or IT to ease the pressure? What are the downside of the utilization of IS or IT in your organization?
Assignment Review technology guides 1-2, & chapter 1 Read chapter 2 Group Assignment Research paper