E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Lecture 9 Change management

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Objectives By the end of the lecture students should: –Appreciate the different types of change which require management for e-commerce –Understand the need for an outline plan for implementing change in e-commerce –Appreciate alternative approaches to organisational structure organisational change

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Change management Strategy implementation Change management

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Change management Schedule Budget Resources needed Organisational structures Managing the human impact of change Technologies to support e-business change

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Perspectives on e-business change Market and business model Business process Organisation structure, culture and staff responsibilities Technology infrastructure changes

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Perspectives on e-business change Management buy-in and ownership Effective project management Action to attract and keep the right staff to achieve change Employee ownership of change

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Scale of change Business process re-engineering

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Business process re-engineering Fundamental rethinking Radical redesign Dramatic improvements Critical contemporary measures of performance

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Business process re-engineering Identifying the process of innovation Identify the change levers Develop the process vision Understanding the existing processes Design and prototype the new process

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Planning change Estimation Resource allocation Schedule/plan Monitoring and control

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Project plan and schedule Initiation Systems development lifecycle

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Prototyping Prototypes –Analysis –Design –Development –Testing and review

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Types of prototype Throwaway prototyping Evolutionary prototyping Incremental prototyping

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Human resource requirements Staff retention Outsourcing –Outside-in –Inside-out

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Revising organisational structures Ad-hoc activity Focusing the effort Formalisation Institutionalising capability

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Managing human dimension of change Achieving management commitment –Degree leaders break from previous ways of working –Significance and comprehensiveness of change –Extent organisation head actively involved in change

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Managing human dimension of change Achieving staff commitment –Unfreeze present position –Move quickly to new system –Refreeze with new system as accepted part

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Organisational culture Survival Productivity Human relations Stability

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Knowledge management What is knowledge? –Knowledge management –Explicit knowledge –Tacit knowledge

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Objectives of knowledge management Improving profit/growing revenue Retaining key talent/expertise Increasing customer retention/satisfaction Defending market share against new entrants

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Objectives of knowledge management –Gaining faster time to market with products –Penetrating new market segments –Reducing costs –Developing new products/services

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Objectives of knowledge management External structure initiatives Internal structure initiatives Competence initiatives

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Implementing knowledge management Lack of: Understanding of KM and benefits Employee time for KM Encouragement in current culture of sharing Incentives/rewards to share Funding for KM initiatives Appropriate technology Commitment from senior management

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Implementing knowledge management Technologies –Intranets –Communications techniques –Electronic document management systems –Expert systems

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Implementing knowledge management –Capturing knowledge –Interpreting knowledge –Deploying knowledge –Staff training –Measurement of impact of KM programme

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Risk management Identifying risks Identifying possible solutions Implement solutions Monitor risks

E-commerce COM380 E-commerce Objectives –Appreciate the different types of change which require management for e-commerce –Understand the need for an outline plan for implementing change in e-commerce –Appreciate alternative approaches to organisational structure organisational change