Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case Microbiology B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION TORTORA FUNKE CASE Chapter 24, part A Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Microbial Diseases of the Upper Respiratory System Laryngitis: S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, viruses Tonsillitis: S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, viruses Sinusitis: Bacteria Epiglottitis: H. influenzae
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Upper respiratory normal microbiota may include pathogens Upper Respiratory System Figure 24.1
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Streptococcal pharyngitis (Strep throat) Figure 24.3 Streptococcus pyogenes Resistant to phagocytosis Streptokinases lyse clots Streptolysins are cytotoxic Diagnosis by indirect agglutination
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Streptococcus pyogenes Pharyngitis Erythrogenic toxin produced by lysogenized S. pyogenes Scarlet Fever Figure 24.4
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Corynebacterium diphtheriae: Gram-positive rod Diphtheria membrane of fibrin, dead tissue, and bacteria Diphtheria toxin produced by lysogenized C. diphtheriae Prevented by DTaP and Td vaccine (Diphtheria toxoid) Cutaneous diphtheria: Infected skin wound leads to slow healing ulcer Diphtheria
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 24.6 Diphtheria
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Otitis Media S. pneumoniae (35%) H. influenzae (20-30%) M. catarrhalis (10-15%) S. pyogenes (8-10%) S. aureus (1-2%) Treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics Incidence of S. pneumoniae reduced by vaccine
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Otitis Media Figure 25.7
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Rhinoviruses (50%) Coronaviruses (15-20%) Rhinoviruses attached to ICAN-1 on nasal mucosa Common cold
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bacteria, viruses, & fungi cause: Bronchitis Bronchiolitis Pneumonia Microbial Diseases of the Lower Respiratory System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Lower Respiratory System The ciliary escalator keeps the lower respiratory system sterile. Figure 24.2
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Figure 24.8 Bordetella pertussis: Gram-negative coccobacillus Capsule Tracheal cytotoxin of cell wall damaged ciliated cells Pertussis toxin Prevented by DTaP vaccine (acellular Pertussis cell fragments)
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Stage 1: Catarrhal stage, like common cold Stage 2: Paroxysmal stage: Violent coughing sieges Stage 3: Convalescence stage Pertussis (Whooping Cough)