Introduction to Greek and Roman History Lecture 6 After the Persian Wars: Athens as an emerging power

Monuments of War The Battle of Marathon: Epitaph of Aeschylus; who fought at Marathon: The glorious grove of Marathon can tell of his Valour-as can the long haired Persian…” (found in Gela where he died).  Date of inscription: disputed.  Herodotus Book 6. Records death of 192 Greeks, whose names were inscribed on the Battlefield. Battle at Salamis: Themistocles Decree < On Troezen: Orders evacuation of citizens of Athens & Mobilisation of Greek forces. > Date: Disputed 3 rd century BC copy

Simonides’ epitaph for the warriors of Thermopylae: Ὦ ξε ῖ ν', ἀ γγέλλειν Λακεδαιμονίοις ὅ τι τ ῇ δεκείμεθα, το ῖ ς κείνων ῥ ήμασι πειθόμενοι. ‘Stranger, go and to the Spartans tell, that here obedient to their laws, we fell’ Simonides’ epitaph for the warriors of Thermopylae: Ὦ ξε ῖ ν', ἀ γγέλλειν Λακεδαιμονίοις ὅ τι τ ῇ δεκείμεθα, το ῖ ς κείνων ῥ ήμασι πειθόμενοι. ‘Stranger, go and to the Spartans tell, that here obedient to their laws, we fell’ The Battle at Thermopylae 480BC

Dedicated at Delphi Listing the names of 31 city states set up after the battle Platea, History in pieces Bronze Snake Victory Monument Snake Istanbul Archaeology Museums Tripod base: at Delphi Serpent Column: Instanbul

Serpentine Monument ca. 479 BC. Commemorating the victory at Plataea (originally in Delphi, moved by Constantine to his Hippodrome in AD 324.

Arranged by numbers of soldiers contributed to the battle (Sparta, Athens and Corinth were first). Numbers taken from Herodotus, Histories Seventh coil: …… Tenians200?--- Sixth coil: Naxians (unreadable) Eretrians300? Chalcidians400

Delos and the Ionian syngheneia Homeric hymn to Apollo (III), Phoebus, in Delos do you most delight your heart; for there the long robed Ionians gather in your honor with their children and shy wives: with boxing and dancing and song

Delos

Distirct Polis Aparchai

454: The new Delian League

Athens Urban Plan

Phidias showing the freeze of the Parthenon

Carytids and the Statue of Athena Parthenos

Pericles & Athens

West & East Pediments of the Parthenon EE

Sculptures from the Parthenon (now at the British Museum) Pediment sculptureCentuaromachy

Temple of Zeus at Olympia

Classical Architecture: Temple of Zeus Plan

Pediment of Zeus Olympios

Urban Landscape of Zeus at Olympia

The Pythian oracle at Delphi The Treasury at Delphi

Snake Victory Monument

Thucydides & the Peloponnesian Wars

Allies and Allegiances in the second half of the 5 th century BC

The Archidamian War, Naupactus

Corcyra (Korfu)

431: The Thebans take Plataea Plataea

Demosthenes Victory at Sphakteria 425 BC

Sicily,

Battle at Syracuse BC

Alscibiades (from the Capitoline Musuem)

Tissaphernes Thuc. VIII.6 The King had lately called upon him for the tribute from his government, for which he was in arrears, being unable to raise it from the Hellenic towns by reason of the Athenians; and he therefore calculated that by weakening the Athenians he should get the tribute better paid, and should also draw the Lacedaemonians into alliance with the King; and by this means, as the King had commanded him, take alive or dead Amorges, the bastard son of Pissuthnes, who was in rebellion on the coast of Caria.