Figure 13.1 Energy budget of subordinate, nonbreeding “helpers” that associate with breeding pairs in the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher
Figure 13.2 Effect of removal of the top-ranked subordinate helper in a cooperatively breeding group of cichlid fish
Figure 13.4 Competition for food is a cost of sociality in the fieldfare
Brown and Brown 1986
Figure 13.5 Effect of parasites on cliff swallow nestlings
Figure 13.6 Social living with defensive benefits?
Figure 13.7 Mutual defense in a society of bluegills
Gross and MacMillan 1981
Figure 13.8 The different categories of helping behavior
Figure 13.9 Cooperation among competitors
Greene et al 2000
Greene et al. 2000
Figure A meerkat sentinel on the alert for approaching predators
Figure Experimental demonstration of reciprocity in cotton-top tamarins
Figure The prisoner’s dilemma
Wilkinson 1990
Wilkinson 1984
Figure The components of selection and fitness
Figure Sibling pairs of the cichlid fish Pelivicachromis taeniatus cooperate more than unrelated males and females when it comes to guarding a nest containing their eggs
Figure A Belding’s ground squirrel gives an alarm call after spotting a terrestrial predator
Figure Altruism and relatedness in pied kingfishers
Figure Cooperative breeding in African starlings is associated with species that live in savanna grasslands
Figure Haplodiploid sex determination in Hymenoptera
Figure Are workers in social insect colonies forced to be altruistic? (Part 1)
Figure Are workers in social insect colonies forced to be altruistic? (Part 2)
Figure Foundress females and workers of the paper wasp Polistes metricus have a similar pattern of gene activity, whereas future reproductives and queens exhibit very different patterns
Figure Eusociality has an evolutionary history
Figure Haplodiploidy and the evolution of eusociality in the Hymenoptera (Part 1)
Figure Haplodiploidy and the evolution of eusociality in the Hymenoptera (Part 2)
Figure Indirect selection and the origin of eusociality in the Hymenoptera