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Presentation transcript:

T RANSCENDENTALISM Radical Romantics

R OOTS OF T RANSCENDENTALISM Romanticism New attitude toward nature, humanity, and society that emphasizes individualism and freedom. Celebration of individualism Reverence of nature The rebel (individual vs. society) Concerns with industrialization and technology Fascination with death and the supernatural Impulse toward reform

T RANSCENDENTALISM A philosophy that created new ideas in literature, religion, and culture Started in New England in the early to middle 19 th century. Began as a protest against the general state of culture and society, and in particular, the state of intellectualism at Harvard.

T RANSCENDENTALISM Core beliefs An ideal spiritual state that “transcends” the physical and empirical and is only realized through the individual’s intuition, rather than through the doctrines of established religions.

T RANSCENDENTALISM The sum of it is A group of new ideas that emerged as a result of the protests against popular thought and intellectualism. It stressed the belief that the individual's spiritual state "transcends" the physical world and is arrived at through intuition rather than religious doctrine.

T RANSCENDENTALISM Another way to put it: That it [transcendentalism] is the belief that the basic truths of the universe lie beyond (or transcend) what we obtain from our senses.

T RANSCENDENTAL B ELIEFS Individualism Nonconformity Self-Reliance Reverence of Nature Carpe Diem Intuition Simplicity Oversoul

I NTUITION The Devine Belief—part of God in each man; intuition; innate understanding of what is right and good; direct line of communication between God and man Divinity within Man Intuition over Reason Individual Intuition: highest form of knowledge: the creative insight and interpretation of one's own inner voices

O VERSOUL Man, universe, and nature are intertwined Universal soul that goes through all beings—”the force”

R EVERENCE OF N ATURE Nature is inherently good—symbolic “The foregoing generations beheld God and Nature face to face; we—through their eyes. Why should we not also enjoy an original relation to the universe?”- Emerson Respect and Beauty

I NDIVIDUALISM True to own inner perception or intuition Divinity of each individual, but this divinity could be discovered only if the person had the independence of mind to do so Self-Reliance You must rely on yourself. Nonconformity You should not conform to social norms if you do not agree with the norms.

S IMPLICITY People get distracted by superfluities. You should live simply. Live without luxury.

C ARPE D IEM Seize the day! Live every day to its fullest. You must “transcend”

T RANSCENDENTALISM “By meditating, by communing with nature through art, man transcends his senses and finds beauty, goodness, and truth.” Identify transcendental beliefs in each clip. Cast Away The Little Mermaid