Three-Layer Model Distributed data communications involves three primary components: Networks Computers Applications Three corresponding layers Network.

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Presentation transcript:

Three-Layer Model Distributed data communications involves three primary components: Networks Computers Applications Three corresponding layers Network access layer Transport layer Application layer

Data Transmission Application layer creates data block Transport layer appends header to create PDU (protocol data unit) Destination SAP, Sequence #, Error-Detection Code Network layer appends another header Destination computer, facilities (e.g. “priority”)

Protocols in a Simplified Architecture

Operation of TCP/IP

TCP & UDP

IP Headers

Operation of TCP/IP: Action at the Sender

Operation of TCP/IP: Action at the Router

Operation of TCP/IP: Action at the Receiver

OSI Open Systems Interconnection Developed by ISO Contains seven layers

The OSI Environment

TCP/IP - OSI Comparison

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