Platform-based Design 5KK70 TU/e 2009 Henk Corporaal Bart Mesman

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman2 Embedded Systems Courses We go through all the design steps of a complete multi-processor embedded system –(containing hardware and software) Discuss many design trade-offs 4 connected courses: –Systems on Silicon: 5kk60 –Platform-based Design: 5kk10 –Multiprocessors: 5kk80 –Embedded System Laboratory: 5kk33 (lab course)

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman3 Processor Architectures and Program Mapping Objectives: Study the processing components of future multi- processor platforms, ranging from –highly flexible processors, to –highly computational-efficient processors Learn how to program these platforms and map applications to them Learn how to exploit the (data) memory hierarchy

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman4 low medium high high medium low flexibility efficiency ASIC GP proc FPGA DSP ASIP Processor design spectrum

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman5 Computational complexity

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman6 Your smartphone 3 Watt –1 Watt for digital electronics –1 Watt for radio –1 Watt for the rest Battery: 4 Wh Next generation LTE based smartphones: 100 Gops / Watt –radio40 Gops –media processing20 Gops –graphics 6.5 Gops

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman7 Your smartphone 100 Gops/Watt  10 pJ/op ARM 11 in 65 nm (2008): 0.2 mW/MHz  200 pJ/op HW in 65 nm about 2 pJ/op Concl: –we need special HW to support the major processing kernels

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman8 Topics (1) Basic RISC principles: MIPS example DSP processors VLIW architectures SIMD architectures ASIPs MIMD architectures NoC and MPSoC Compiling code for ILP architectures

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman9 Topics (2) RTOS Wireless Sensor Networks –Smart Camera (Networks) Data Memory Management techniques –Loop transformations Student presentations (2x) –based on studied articles

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman10 Lab exercises 1.Exploration: Programming and Exploration using the Imagine or SiHive architecture 2.Programming a real MP platform: CELL, GPU, or IC3D (with Xetal SIMD) or IMAP platform 3.Program transformations: Optimizing the memory behavior of your program to achieve extreme low power Applying loop transformations

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman11 Exam and Grading Exam is oral Labexercises can be largely done at home Grading is 40 % theory + 50 % assignments + 10% student presentation Material: Website Slides and Handouts (incrementally available_ Lab material (will be put online)

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman12 Embedded System Architectures on Silicon Application oriented smart devices adaptable, flexible real-time DSP TIVO … implemented in silicon 1 cm 2 1V 1 W 10 Euro not a Pentium but a domain specific and programmable ES

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman13 Embedded System Architect Applications (DSP) algorithms C/C++, Java Matlab, SDL,... low power analog, robustness/dfm VHDL, Verilog Embedded System Architect is reponsible for a strategic interaction between the different disciplines has a basic knowledge of the different disciplines is a generalist, not a specialist Challenge:permanently confronted with new domains

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman14 Complexity Complexity depends on the number of different component types (not number of components) different types of interactions lack of structure in the interactions Complexsimple [DeMan] Complexity is different for the architect and for the IC technologist

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman15 embedded system purpose-built and programmable appliance oriented smart devices multiple hw/sw platforms real-time constraint system adapts to the environment high reliability (no reset button) user friendly deeply embedded software running on limited resources PC general purpose Who “Computes”, anyway ? Single hardware platform ASAP (as soon as possible) env. adapts to the system (wait) lower reliability difficult to use end-user software unlimited resources BUT: both use similar technology e.g. programmable cores, RTOS (e.g. Win-CE) Comparison

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman16 Embedded Systems: Characteristics safety critical reactive: fast reaction on critical control events portable: weight, power dissipation mobile: network protocols, power dissipation consumer systems: cost, reliability, user friendly interface professional systems: availability, reliability, remote analysis and diagnosis, redundancy multimedia: text, graphics, speech, audio, images and video connected through various standards

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman17 Where are these embedded systems 70 micro-controllers in a modern high end car: –engine control, –ABS, –airbag, –airco, –interior illumination, –central lock, –alarm, radio, …

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman18 Topic details RISC architectures: MIPS VLIW architectures ILP compilation SIMD –Xetal, IMAP ASIP NoC MPSoC platforms –GPU, CELL, ….

6/3/2015 Platform-based Design 5kk70 H. Corporaal and B. Mesman19 Topic details WSN (wireless sensor networks) RTOS –scheduling DMM Student presentations