K. Long, 3 June, 2015 Physics working group – (not quite a) summary and plans … with grateful thanks to PhysWG speakers and those who took part in the discussions

Contents Introduction and motivation The most difficult task (!) What to assume about the machines Impact Muon physics Work to do in preparation for first phys. grp. w/s Theoretical subgroup Phenomenological subgroup Experimental subgroup Summary

Introduction The neutrino standard model? Three active flavours Three, Dirac, mass eigenstates Neutrino mass scale Mass hierarchy MNS mixing matrix Three mixing angles One CP phase Physics beyond The Standard Model

Motivation: The masses are so different, that must be a clue … Neutrino mixing so different from quark mixing, that must be clue … de Gouvea, Hernandez

Motivation: the era of sensitivity … de Gouvea Hernandez

Neutrino Factory  Super-beam O.Mena (hep-ph/ ) Motivation: … and precision Burguet et al. (hep-ph/ ) Beta-beam

ISS Physics Meeting Two main physics strategies use of the high neutrino rate (>10 20 /year) and energy (10-50 GeV) of Neutrino Factory + LMD (“SuperMinos”) detector of large but not huge mass ( Kt), necessarily magnetic (a dense magnetized Iron detector, or, possibly, Li-Argon), a few 1000 Km away. use of the lower neutrino rate ( /year) and energy (sub-GeV) of Betabeam + “Megaton” low density detector of very large mass (0.5-1 Mt) and volume (0.5-1 Mm 3 ) non magnetic (a Water Cerenkov detector, or possibly, again Li-Argon), a few 100 Km away ( except for AGS ).  ν e + ν    νe  νe Nufact05 NNN05 Palladino V. Palladino:Super Conventional Beams R&D into machine (MERIT, MICE, …) essential

The most challenging task: 1 Incremental Era of sensitivity & precision Optimum schedule Science driven Potential match to funding window Challenge: To make the case! Era of sensitivity & precision

The most challenging task: 2 Incremental: Implication wait until  13 known To refute: Have to show that there exists a facility that gives significant improvement over all  13

Machine assumptions: Super-beam and Neutrino Factory Kirk only, one sign

Machine assumptions: Beta-beam, reference facility (100/100) Benedict

Machine assumptions: Green-field facility (350/350) Lindroos/Hernandez

Impact: Large scale structure: Kachelreiss Power-density of CMB has significant implications for neutrino mass Challenges of neutrino physics: King

Impact: … models Tri-bimaximal mixing: Hypothesis: Motivated by ‘symmetry’ Models: Links quarks and leptons Constraint! King

6/3/2015 The Muon Trio: Lepton Flavor Violation Muon MDM (g-2) chiral changing Muon EDM Lee RobertsEllis

6/3/2015 General Statements We know that oscillate –neutral lepton flavor violation Expect Charged lepton flavor violation at some level –enhanced if there is new dynamics at the TeV scale in particular if there is SUSY We expect CP in the lepton sector (EDMs as well as oscillations) –possible connection with cosmology (leptogenesis)

6/3/2015 At a  -factory, also have a  -factory This flux will permit: –A dedicated search for a permanent muon EDM ( P, T ) to e cm and beyond. –Search for muon Flavor Violation to below to level, or if  FV is observed, it will be possible to make detailed studies of the reaction

First steps towards physics chapter

Propose: Series of w/ss to focus work and to share tools and ideas Each w/s documents progress and identifies next steps Need to specify goals for first workshop This week! Plan to run as a ‘drop in centre’: Recognises that not all can come for all the days … though great if you can Weekend included for those that it helps with travel Working meeting – emphasis on discussion and WORK! Specific goals now defined! WWW page to be updated

Common tools: Enhance efficiency of those new to calculating sensitivities to oscillation parameters Huber

Theoretical subgroup: Main task: What is scientific gain of precision measurements of neutrino properties? Origin of universe … c.f. Origin of mass for LHC Super-symmetry – the last space-time symmetry – for ILC Neutrino mass Argument presented by Pilar Job in preparation for w/s #1: Test to see if ‘origin of universe’ argument could be developed Steve King (with KL as naïve follower) Development of mass-scale arguments Andre de Gouvea

2015/6/3 Sensitivity to unitarity and physics beyond SM Standard scenario assumes three flavors and vanishing off-diagonal elements of the matter term:  scenario 1: existence of sterile neutrinos  scenario 2: existence of flavor changing int. Possible source of violation of unitarity: Phenomenological subgroup Yasuda Precision required to test scenarios?

Pheno/Experimental subgroup Calculate sensitivity in  13 -  plane: Two reference superbeams SPL, T2K, NOvA Obtain BNL info for w/s Two reference beta-beams (100/100), (350/350) Baselines: 130, 700 Two reference neutrino factories (20, 50) – assume store both charges Baselines Define reference 1000, 3000 … but hope that some optimisation can be done AEDL for options to be posted on WWW Action: Patrick Huber/KL Comparison of results: From GLOBES: Patrick Huber, Paul Harrison (et al) From ‘Valencia code’: Pilar Hernandez (et al) From ‘Madrid code’: Stefano Rigolin (et al.) What: Perform fits for small number of assumed parameter sets Comment on discrete degeneracies Goal is to establish a baseline for development of comparison of facilities alone and in combination Need i/p from detector group … detector performance assumptions: Suggest: Iron Cal: MINOS + high granularity - for NF for 14Nov LAr? H 2 O Ç – for sb and low gamma beta beam for 14Nov Scint – for high gamma beta beam for 14Nov Emmulsion

A challenging programme … … but at least we’ll have started!