Pai Lou Gateway. Chinese Gardens, Dunedin. N. Z.

British Columbia, Canada California, USA The Rocky Mt States Destinations for migrations of the Chinese Gold Seekers during the later half of the 19 th Century New Zealand Victoria New South Wales Queensland Western Australia Northern Territory Transvaal South Africa Small set of Chinese gold scales Destinations from C.A.Price The Great White Walls are Built 1974.

When the Chinese arrived here, they received a very hostile reception from the European miners. Views of Ah Lum’s store today. It would have sold a wide variety of imported Chinese foods. They were segregated to live in their own Chinese camps.

Two of the cottages in the Arrowtown Chinese area. The cottages were surrounded by extensive gardens and were a close- knit community. Inside one of the cottages showing door and fireplace.

Many Chinese miners would make a comfortable home of a cave. This house is one of those that can be visited in the Arrowtown Chinese village.

Many Chinese were never able to return to China as they hoped and are buried as they had lived in many segregated cemeteries throughout Otago. Cromwell Cemetery Because of segregation, Chinese were not allowed to be buried in the conventional cemeteries unless they had done deeds that were favourably seen by the locals. Wasteland outside the cemetery boundary was given to the Chinese for a fee. Lawrence Cemetery

As gold gradually became scarce, many Chinese returned to China or moved to the cities. From 1877, or thereabouts, a special area of Dunedin’s Southern Cemetery was set aside for Chinese burials.

6 2 6 Kum Poy Block 26P Plot 13 Also Memorial to Choie Sew Hoy (Charles) Pong One Kay Block 12A Plot 11 Ing Ah Yeaw Block 12A Plot Chinese Section Blocks, X, 114 and Yuet Sheer Long Block Mun Goon Block This map portion of the Southern Cemetery was sourced from :

Both the county and village are often recorded for place of birth. Date of Death These stones shows the age (lonegevity). Some stones show birth year here. 4 The central characters offer information about the deceased. 3 4 Mun Goon was born in Poon Yue County Tai Bol Village. He was 65 years of age when he died. His headstone was badly damaged and has recently been replaced

If you read from the bottom up the characters tell us that the “Gravestone belongs to elder Long Sheer YUET” 4 The central characters offer information about the deceased. Character is like the English ‘s’. Means ‘belongs to’ Character for ‘Gravestone’ Character for ‘elder’ Surname or family name – YUET Second given name Long First given name Sheer 4

Date of Death – These are lunar dates. 2 8 Month ( 14 th ) 10 4 Day Died 2 3 These characters show the age or (lonegevity) Aged 56 6 Age Year of the rabbit. (Died 1903) (Information for this and the previous two slides was provided by Mr L.Wong. Dunedin.)

Chinese prefer to be buried on high ground overlooking the sea or water and ideally facing east. The belief was that the spirit was free to greet the morning sun and to roam the heavens till dusk. The headstone is placed at the head end of the grave. The feet of the deceased point towards the water. Chinese burials are different to European burials as shown in the diagram to the right. If at all possible, shelter from the harsh afternoon sun was desirable. This could be from trees or an embankment. (Both the information and the diagram for this slide were provided by Mr L.Wong. Dunedin.)

Many headstones in the Chinese portion have been badly damaged. In 2002 the New Zealand Government officially apologised to the Chinese for the suffering caused by the poll tax. The headstones are significant. They are often the only information we have about an individual. The Chinese Poll Tax Heritage Trust allocated $25,000 to begin the restoration of the site and the neglected and vandalised Chinese headstones in the Southern Cemetery.

These are in what was once waste-land, but is historically significant today. The significance of restoring these headstones was that they belonged to elderly miners, labourers and market gardeners from 1920 to They were the lost generation that linked the goldfields to the community of today. 48 broken stones were found in the overgrown rubble and the project took 6 years to restore. (The information and photographs for this slide were provided by Mr L.Wong. Dunedin.) The headstones are at the head end of the coffin. Unfortunately, the view of the sea is obstructed by a small hill.

Chinese burials now occur in mainstream cemetery plots among Europeans. It is still rare to find Chinese burials on the rows backing this stone with the feet pointing away from the sea. As time moves on and the later generations become less aware of the traditional customs, Chinese burials will become just another burial without any thought of the spiritual wellbeing of the departed. (The information and the photographs for this slide were provided by Mr L.Wong. Dunedin.) These headstone pictured are on elevated ground and face the sea.