Modeling Data Use for Teacher and School Leader Candidates By: Dr. Jessica Zarian Assistant Professor, Metropolitan College of New York

Data Curriculum& Pedagogy School Culture

Date: The Little Word with Big Influence Every semester on the first day of class I review the syllabus with my teacher candidates. I teach the course that coincides with their field experience. I explain that during this semester they will be required to write an ELA unit, and teach that unit to the students in their class. They are told they will also be responsible for providing evidence of student achievement, all while being able to reflect on their teaching practice and speak to how they would change what and how they taught their lessons to better meet the needs of their students. Expressions of worry and distress spread across the room and quickly the question of “How do we do that?” is asked …

“How do we do that?” This leads to a conversation similar to the following “Why do we teach, what we teach?” “Because it is part of the curriculum” “Why is part of the curriculum” “Because they need to learn that to go on the next grade” “How do you know they need to learn that?” “From a test?” “What do tests tell us?” As you can see I do not make it easy on them, but this gets candidates ready to begin the conversation of data

Questions Most Asked by Candidates What kind of data do we collect? How do we collect it? What do we do with this data once we collect it? These questions often frustrate and scare candidates, leading them to feel overwhelmed by this work

Start With One Question Why are you going to teach this lesson? Hint: Your answer should NEVER be “because it’s next page in the textbook” As candidates start to truly consider why they are teaching a lesson, the validity and need for data work becomes more clear So where do we start?

At the Beginning Start with creating a spreadsheet shell for the class Begin inputted end-of-unit data into the shell for all curriculum areas Once that is completed one can: Complete data analysis from spreadsheets to determine sub-groups and outliers within classroom Analyze assessment data to determine areas of need in order to make changes to curriculum (This can be on the classroom level or on the grade level)

Sample Spreadsheet Shell Input the demographic data for the class in the shell. This data does not change

Math: End of Unit (Exam) Enter each question with a description

Writing: End of Unit (Rubric) Blue arrows indicate unit specific skills

Enter skills or questions for unit in this section Spreadsheet Shell: Does not change Highlight the cell you want to show the average and enter correct column and row (P3:P21=0.315) meaning only 31% of the class correctly answered question 6b Student averages can be color coordinated for easy grouping

Easy Grouping: Conditional Formatting Highlight wanted cells, hit “conditional formatting” and set the range. In this case Red for below target and Green for at or above target By selecting your mid point range (in this case “.5”) anything higher will appear green and lower will appear red Every spreadsheet tells a story, its learning how to read that story that is valuable and leads to best practice

Using Conditional Formatting as a tool to help Reflect on Teaching Practice Conditional Formatting will allow candidates to see quickly: Which students need additional support, perhaps in a small group Which topics might need to be retaught to the class as a whole (encouraging the candidate to re-examine the way that lesson was taught the first time and reflecting on why it was not a success) Using class data to determine possible holes in the curriculum. Then making necessary changes to the unit for future classes, and making changes to the following unit to make up for gaps students might still have Looking at data across a grade and school helps tell a more complete story

Pivot tables summarize large amounts of data into categories Highlight the cells you wish to enter into your table and hit the “pivot table” button This will appear automatically. Leave it as is (it is the formula for the cells you highlighted) If you would like the table to appear on the bottom of the spreadsheet hit “existing worksheet” and select a location or cell for your table to begin

Using Pivot Tables Help to determine Outliers This completed Pivot table Summarizes data for ELLs and Native English speakers and boys to girls in the class, allowing one to compare these groups easily Click the fields you wish to summarize and drag them into the “Row Labels” section Finally drag the field name “average” into the values section. Double click and change “count of average” to Average of Average”

Spreadsheets Made Easy I have watched candidates, who once told me that they are “aren’t good at math or computers” claim that they “couldn’t do this work” thrive with these few easy steps.