EPA Tier 4 / EU Stage IV - Technical Overview Sept 2009

2 2 Clean Diesel Exhaust requirements are dramatic Technology hurdles to meet the regulations Cost to the OEM, Cost to the Rental Channel, Cost to the end user. Regulatory Background Pre Particulate Matter (Soot) NOx (Nitrous Oxides)

3 3 Technology Solutions TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONIMPACT Digital Electronic Engine controlsCost and interface with machine controls EGR- Exhaust Gas recirculation. The re- combustion of exhaust Higher heat rejection, Larger cooling system, EGR valve maintenance, oil cooled engine obsolete. Cost. DPF- Diesel Particulate Filter. Traps soot and periodically burns soot into ash High exhaust temperature, 5000 hr filter maintenance. Cost. SCR- Selective Catalyst Reduction. Chemically treats exhaust Urea (SCR fluid) tank, Urea fluid infrastructure, maintenance. Cost. Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel FuelAvailable now in US, Canada, Europe, Japan, etc. Not available in lesser regulated countries (Mexico, Brazil, China, Eastern Europe)

4 4 Customers have to fill up with fuel and Diesel Exhaust Fluid (2 separate tanks) Probably close to oil change interval. Limp home mode. Special fuel required. Will be an issue outside of US and EU. Impact of EGR and SCR on End User Fuel Larger cooling capacity required EGR SCR DEF Oil-cooled obsolete

5 5 EGR crossover tube EGR valve Crankcase BreatherEGR cooler EGR New Components Space consumed Maintenance required Tier 3 Tier 4

6 6 DPF + SCR + EGR Cooler DPF Only DPF + EGR Cooler DPF and SCR Space Requirements Engine size and Implementation Schedule affects technology solutions Larger Engines will require DPF + SCR + EGR Small engines may only require DPF These components must fit in the engine compartment Urea Tank

7 7 Timing and Possible Solutions HP BandProductYearPossible Solutions >174 HpGenerators kW2011EGR+DPF+SCR HpGenerators kW Large Telehandlers 2012EGR+DPF Hp (NA only, EU already compliant) Generators 30 – 50 kW Light towers Booms and Scissors Small Telehandlers 2013EGR+DPF >174 HpGenerators kW2014EGR+DPF+SCR+ ??? HpGenerators kW Large Telehandlers 2015EGR+DPF+SCR Gasoline enginesNo requirements

8 8 Summary Tier 4 is a game changing event for off road equipment Engine solutions in the future will be much different than today Terex is working now to partner with the engine supplier that provides the best overall value proposition. Performance Quality/Reliability World wide support Emissions Technology

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10 3.5/0.19 /3.5 /0.04 Appendix: EPA Tier 4 Phase-in Time Line – 40CFR

11 3.5/0.19 /3.5 /0.04 Appendix: EU Stage 4 Phase-in Time Line – Directives 97/68 and 2004/26 EC