Marxism 101 J. Murphy AP European History January, 2009

TO JENNY Jenny! Teasingly you may inquire Why my songs "To Jenny" I address, When for you alone my pulse beats higher, When my songs for you alone despair, When you only can their heart inspire, When your name each syllable must confess, When you lend each note melodiousness, When no breath would stray from the Goddess? 'Tis because so sweet the dear name sounds, And its cadence says so much to me, And so full, so sonorous it resounds, Like to vibrant Spirits in the distance, Like the gold-stringed Cithern's harmony, Like some wondrous, magical existence. See! I could a thousand volumes fill, Writing only "Jenny" in each line, Still they would a world of thought conceal, Deed eternal and unchanging Will, Verses sweet that yearning gently still, All the glow and all the Aether's shine, Anguished sorrow's pain and joy divine, All of Life and Knowledge that is mine. I can read it in the stars up younder, From the Zephyr it comes back to me, From the being of the wild waves' thunder. Truly, I would write it down as a refrain, For the coming centuries to see -- LOVE IS JENNY, JENNY IS LOVE'S NAME.

The Revolutionary formerly known as “Prince?” (He wore a rasberry beret?).

Karl Marx ( ) The Internationale Stand up, all victims of oppression For the tyrants fear your might Don’t cling so hard to your possessions For you have nothing, if you have no rights Let racist ignorance be ended For respect makes the empires fall Freedom is merely privilege extended Unless enjoyed by one and all Chorus: So come brothers and sisters For the struggle carries on The internationale Unites the world in song So comrades come rally For this is the time and place The international ideal Unites the human race…

Terminology: * Materialism * Idealism * Communism * Socialism(s)

Preindustrial Socialisms: Early Ideas: Plato Thomas More

Preindustrial Socialisms: Utopian Socialism: Robert OwenCharles Fourier

Preindustrial Socialisms: Revolutionary Socialism: Gracchus Babeuf (The first communist?)

Other Pre-Socialist Ideas: Physiocrats: David Ricardo Thomas Malthus

Other Pre-Socialist Ideas: Philosophy: Friedrich Hegel Ludwig Feuerbach

Friedrich Engels

Marxism/Revolutionary Socialism: (German Socialism) Rejection of utopian ideas Three Concepts: (Base/Superstructure, Dialectical Materialism, Alienated Wage Labor) Marx and History

Economic Base: (Mode of Production) --> <-- Superstructur e: (Law, Art, Social customs, etc.) Base/Superstructure

Mode of Production, or Economic Base Base/Superstructure Means of Production + Relations of Production =

Base/Superstructure Modes of Production Primative Communism Slavery Feudalism Capitalism Socialism Communism

Economic Base: (Mode of Production) --> <-- Superstructur e: (Law, Art, Social customs, etc.) Base/Superstructure

Ludwig Feuerbach Dialectical Materialism

Base Superstructur e

Friedrich Hegel Dialectical Materialism

Thesis Antithesis

Thesis Antithesis Synthesis

Dialectical Materialism Thesis Antithesis Synthesis/New Thesis

Dialectical Materialism Feudalism Bourgeoisie Capitalism

Dialectical Materialism Capitalism Proletariat Socialism

C V S Alienated Wage Labor

Influences Physiocrats: David Ricardo Thomas Malthus

C Constant Capital (Parts, raw materials, etc.)

C V Variable Capital (Labor/Processes)

C Constant Capital (Parts, raw materials, etc.) V Variable Capital (Labor/Processes) S Surplus Value (Profit*)

C Constant Capital (Parts, raw materials, etc.) V Variable Capital (Labor/Processes) S Surplus Value (Profit*)

After Marx Democratic Socialism/Revisionism Anarchism Leninism/Marxist-Leninism Maoism/Trotskyism Decolonialism Feminism Capitalism*

Influence of Marxism (abbreviated, and in no particualar order) PERSIAPERSIA Russian Revolution,Huey Long, Spanish Civil War, Emilio Zapata, Cold War, Pope John XXIII, The Paris Commune, Mao Zedong, Cuba, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prague Spring, Martin Luther King Jr., IWW, Patrice Lumumba, Sinn Fein, Che Guevara Business Cycle, John Maynard Keynes, Profit-Sharing, Quality Circles, Milton Friedman, Social Security Vatican II, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Liberation Theology, Archbishop Oscar Romero, Atheism, Pope Jean-Paul II The Middle Class, Sociology, Frantz Fanon, Psychoanalysis, Bertrand Russell, Albert Camus, Sigmund Freud, Thomas Mann, Rosa Luxemburg, Antonio Gramschi, Howard Zinn, Historiography, Helen Keller, Charlie Chaplin, Agit-Art, Bertold Brecht, Henri Matisse, Ernest Hemingway, Garcia Lorca, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miro, Andre Malreaux, Dimitri Shostakovich