Nuclear Fission and Fusion

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Nuclear Fission and Fusion

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Presentation transcript:

Nuclear Fission and Fusion I can draw a model of nuclear fission. I can recognize a nuclear fission equation. I can describe two applications for nuclear fission. I can draw a model of nuclear fusion. I can recognize a nuclear fusion equation.

I can describe fission and fusion Spontaneous fission- the nucleus of a VERY HEAVY atom (mass numbers over 230) spontaneously split apart to form lighter more stable atoms. This is a type of radioactive decay. In such large atoms the electromagnetic force overcomes the strong nuclear force- then the nucleus splits.

I can describe fission and fusion The half life of U-235 is 704 million years! This occurs very slowly! Used for dating the age of the earth Elements that have masses over 230 are at the bottom of the periodic table!! Look for them now!

I can draw a model of nuclear fission I can draw a model of nuclear fission. I can recognize a fission equation. Induced fission- a neutron is absorbed by a heavy isotope, and it splits into two particles of uneven mass plus 2 or 3 neutrons and energy. The amount of energy released is called binding energy- energy required to keep the nucleus together.

I can describe 2 applications of nuclear fission. Applications of fission Nuclear power-fission is controlled, and nuclear energy released is transformed into electrical energy

Fat Man and Little Boy Nuclear Weapons- fission releases neutrons that cause a chain reaction and huge release of energy (BOOM) when not controlled.

I can draw a model of nuclear fusion. I can recognize a fusion equation. Fusion- the combination (or fusing) of two lighter nuclei into one larger nuclei It requires a HUGE amount of energy to overcome the repulsion between the positively charged protons. It requires heat (108 K or 179,999,540.33 F) to cause fusion to occur. Fusion is what causes the energy from the sun and stars. Fusion releases much more energy than fission!!

I can describe fission and fusion Are FUSION reactors available for production of energy? No- it requires too much heat to cause fusion to occur. All matter at the required temperature would be turned into a gas The energy released is unpredictable and extremely dangerous.

I can describe fission and fusion What happens to the nucleus during spontaneous fission. What happens to the nucleus during induced fission. Why do fission reactions produce so much energy? Describe fusion What happens during fusion. Why is heat required to cause fusion?

Learning Check Draw a model of nuclear fission. Keep it simple! What feature in the nuclear fission equation makes it different from the fusion equation? What are two applications of nuclear fission? Draw a model of nuclear fusion. Keep it simple!