1. Nuclear Fission and Fusion

2. Essential Questions What is the difference between fission and fusion?
How does a nuclear power plant work?
I know one is used in the sun and one is used in a nuclear power plant, which one is which and what’s the difference?

3. BBC video about fission and fusion
Fission vs Fusion
BBC video about fission and fusion

4. Nuclear Fission In nuclear fission,
a large nucleus is bombarded with a small particle.
the nucleus splits into smaller nuclei and several neutrons.
large amounts of energy are released.

5. Nuclear Fission When a neutron bombards 235U,
an unstable nucleus of 236U undergoes fission (splits).
smaller nuclei are produced such as Kr-91 and Ba-142.
neutrons are released to bombard more 235U.
1n U “236U” Kr Ba n +
Energy

6. Nuclear Fission Diagram
1n U “236U” Kr Ba n + energy

7. Check for understanding
Supply the missing atomic symbol to complete the equation for the following nuclear fission reaction.
1n U Te + ?X n + energy ?
Calculate the mass number on each side
Calculate the atomic number on each side
Figure out the missing element

8. Solution
1n U Te + 97Zr n + energy

9. U + Ba n 3 Kr U + Cs n 2 Rb Practice with fission 235 92 141 56 1 363 Kr 36 U
235 92 + Cs
138 55 n 1 2 Rb 96 37

10. Chain Reaction
A chain reaction occurs when a critical mass of uranium undergoes repeated fission, releasing a large amount of heat and energy that produces an atomic explosion.

11. Nuclear Power Plants In nuclear power plants,
fission is used to produce energy.
control rods in the reactor absorb neutrons to slow and control the chain reactions of fission.

12. Nuclear Power Plants How do nuclear power plants work?

13. Nuclear Fusion
Fusion
occurs at extremely high temperatures ( °C).
combines or fuses small nuclei into larger nuclei.
releases large amounts of energy.
occurs continuously in the sun and stars.

14. Fusion: small nuclei form larger nuclide, release energy
This type of
Fusion is being
examined as
An alternative
Energy source
On Earth.
Small nuclei come together to form larger nuclide, releasing energy

15. Check for understanding
Indicate if each of the following describes
1) nuclear fission or 2) nuclear fusion 3) both
___ A. a nucleus splits.
___ B. large amounts of energy are released.
___ C. small nuclei form larger nuclei.
___ D. hydrogen nuclei react to form new elements.
___ E. several neutrons are released.

16. Solution Indicate if each of the following is
1) nuclear fission or 2) nuclear fusion.
1 A. a nucleus splits.
3 B. large amounts of energy are released.
2 C. small nuclei form larger nuclei.
2 D. hydrogen nuclei react.
3 E. several neutrons are released.

17. Stop: Work on Nuclear Fission and Fusion POGIL with a partner

18. The Elements: Forged in the Stars
Nova video

19. Review for Quiz Jeopardy