Water Cycle Nebel & Wright 1998. Luckily, receiving waters i.e. reservoirs, lakes and rivers between source and treatment serve as a buffer, since.

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Presentation transcript:

Water Cycle Nebel & Wright 1998

Luckily, receiving waters i.e. reservoirs, lakes and rivers between source and treatment serve as a buffer, since they all have the capacity for self- purification, involving bacterial adsorption and sedimentation, predation, dilution, thermal effects, solar radiation and other factors. It’s most effective in warm temperatures and low rainfall.

Water Treatment Criteria Taste - acceptable - control

Water Treatment Processes and Water Supply System 1 Nebel & Wright 1998

Water Treatment Processes (e.g. Shatin Treatment Works) Involve 9 major stages: Chlorination Flocculation/ coagulation Clarification Filtration Filter-backwash pH adjustment Chlorination Fluoridisation Final clarifying

Hammer & Hammer 2001 Reverse osmosis/ Ultra-filtration

Hammer & Hammer 2001 Reverse osmosis/ Ultra-filtration