ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY 1. Flames 2. Electrothermal Atomizers 3. Plasmas.

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Presentation transcript:

ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY 1. Flames 2. Electrothermal Atomizers 3. Plasmas

The graphite furnace: a resistively heated carbon tube

Sample Introduction

L’vov Platform: Maintains even temperature across sample area

Graphite Cup Atomizer

Graphite Furnace Mount

Graphite Furnace Gas Flow

Atomization Cycle: Programmed Temperatures

Standard and Sample Signals

Background Correction in Atomic Absorption Spectrometry 1.Double Beam Paths 2.Continuum Source 3.Zeeman Splitting 4.Nearby Wavelengths (Near-lines) 5.Source Broadening

Dual Beam Paths (usually not feasible)

Continuum Source Background Correction

(line source passes through furnace) Analyte Absorbance + Background Absorbance

Continuum Source Background Correction (continuum source passes through furnace) Background Only

Zeeman Background Correction

Permanent Magnet on Atomizer Source Profile (not split) Absorber Profile (always split) Polarizer passes parallel polarized light Polarizer passes perpendicularly polarized light

Zeeman Background Correction Permanent Magnet on Atomizer – Rotating Polarizer Source Profile (not split) Absorber Profile (always split) Polarizer passes parallel polarized light Absorbance + Background Polarizer passes perpendicularly polarized light Background Only

Zeeman Background Correction Modulating Magnet on Atomizer – Fixed Polarizer Source Profile (not split) Absorber Profile (magnet on-off) Polarizer passes perpendicularly polarized light Absorbance + Background Polarizer passes perpendicularly polarized light Background Only

Zeeman Background Correction Permanent Magnet on Source – Rotating Polarizer Source Profile (always split) Absorber Profile (not split) Polarizer passes parallel polarized light Absorbance + Background Polarizer passes perpendicularly polarized light Background Only

Nearby Wavelength Correction

Background Only Background + Analyte

High Resolution Continuum Source Spectra