Chapter 4 – Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Cell Size and Cell Basics Prokaryotic Cell Walls Cell Potpourri Prokaryotic Structures Prokaryotic Movement FINAL ROUND

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $100 Question True or False. A population of spherical cells with a diameter of 1  m will persist better in a nutrient-limiting environment than a population of spherical cells with a diameter of 5  m. a. true b. false BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $100 Answer True or False. A population of spherical cells with a diameter of 1  m will persist better in a nutrient-limiting environment than a population of spherical cells with a diameter of 5  m. a. true b. false BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $200 Question Question: What is the name of a large sulfur bacteria that is nearly visible to the human eye? a. Nanobacteria b. Escherichia coli c. Epulopiscium fishelsoni d. Thiomargarita nambiensis BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $200 Answer Question: What is the name of a large sulfur bacteria that is nearly visible to the human eye? a. Nanobacteria b. Escherichia coli c. Epulopiscium fishelsoni d. Thiomargarita nambiensis BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $300 Question Question: If you had a cell with the structures listed below, what would be the outermost layer of this hypothetical cell? a. peptidoglycan b. LPS c. slime layer d. cytoplasmic membrane BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $300 Answer Question: If you had a cell with the structures listed below, what would be the outermost layer of this hypothetical cell? a. peptidoglycan b. LPS c. slime layer d. cytoplasmic membrane BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $400 Question Question: Gram-negative cells have _______________ and gram-positive cells do not. a. a periplasm b. peptidoglycan c. cytoplasmic membrane d. tetrapeptide side chains BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $400 Answer Question: Gram-negative cells have _______________ and gram-positive cells do not. a. a periplasm b. peptidoglycan c. cytoplasmic membrane d. tetrapeptide side chains BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $500 Question Question: A mixed culture was Gram stained. The gram-negative cells in this picture are _______________ shaped. a. bacillus b. coccus c. spirillum d. filamentous BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $500 Answer Question: A mixed culture was Gram stained. The gram-negative cells in this picture are _______________ shaped. a. bacillus b. coccus c. spirillum d. filamentous BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $100 Question Question: Which type of cell would be affected by lysozyme? a. a gram-positive bacterial cell b. Mycoplasma species c. Archaea d. all of the above BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $100 Answer Question: Which type of cell would be affected by lysozyme? a. a gram-positive bacterial cell b. Mycoplasma species c. Archaea d. all of the above BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $200 Question Question: Which of the following is a function of peptidoglycan? a. regulation of the passage of nutrients into the cytoplasm b. creation of a gradient of protons (proton motive force) c. prevention of cell lysis d. breakdown of nutrients too large to transport across the membrane BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $200 Answer Question: Which of the following is a function of peptidoglycan? a. regulation of the passage of nutrients into the cytoplasm b. creation of a gradient of protons (proton motive force) c. prevention of cell lysis d. breakdown of nutrients too large to transport across the membrane BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $300 Question Question: Approximately what percentage of the gram-positive cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan? a. 10% b. 50% c. 90% d. 100% BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $300 Answer Question: Approximately what percentage of the gram-positive cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan? a. 10% b. 50% c. 90% d. 100% BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $400 Question Question: What aspects of the peptidoglycan are responsible for its strength? a. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the techoic acids b. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the cross links that connect the chains of peptidoglycan c. the peptide bonds in the tetrapeptide side chains and the techoic acids d. the ester linked phosphlipids BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $400 Answer Question: What aspects of the peptidoglycan are responsible for its strength? a. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the techoic acids b. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the cross links that connect the chains of peptidoglycan c. the peptide bonds in the tetrapeptide side chains and the techoic acids d. the ester linked phosphlipids BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $500 Question Question: Ketodeoxyoctonate (KDO) is a sugar found in _______________. a. peptidoglycan b. capsules c. lipopolysaccharide d. S layer BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls $500 Answer Question: Ketodeoxyoctonate (KDO) is a sugar found in _______________. a. peptidoglycan b. capsules c. lipopolysaccharide d. S layer BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $100 Question Question: What portion of the gram- negative cell wall is toxic? a. peptidoglycan b. O-polysaccharide c. phospholipid d. lipid A BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $100 Answer Question: What portion of the gram- negative cell wall is toxic? a. peptidoglycan b. O-polysaccharide c. phospholipid d. lipid A BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $200 Question Question: The energy source used by lac permease to transport lactose across the plasma membrane is _______________. a. ATP b. a phosphorylated substrate c. proton motive force d. photons from sunlight BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $200 Answer Question: The energy source used by lac permease to transport lactose across the plasma membrane is _______________. a. ATP b. a phosphorylated substrate c. proton motive force d. photons from sunlight BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $300 Question Question: Which transport system is characterized as having transport proteins with extremely high substrate affinity? a. the ATP binding cassette transport system b. lac permease system c. phosphotransferase (group translocation) d. translocase system BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $300 Answer Question: Which transport system is characterized as having transport proteins with extremely high substrate affinity? a. the ATP binding cassette transport system b. lac permease system c. phosphotransferase (group translocation) d. translocase system BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $400 Question Question: A similarity between pseudomurein and peptidoglycan includes _______________? a. beta-1,3 glycosidic bond b. N-acetylglucosamine c. presence of only L stereoisomer amino acids d. LPS BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $400 Answer Question: A similarity between pseudomurein and peptidoglycan includes _______________? a. beta-1,3 glycosidic bond b. N-acetylglucosamine c. presence of only L stereoisomer amino acids d. LPS BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $500 Question Question: Gram-positive cells cannot store sulfur granules because _______________. a. gram-positive bacteria lack a periplasm b. the sulfur granules cannot pass through the peptidoglycan of a gram-positive bacterium c. gram-positive cells are too small d. they don’t transport sulfur into the cell BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: Cell Potpourri $500 Answer Question: Gram-positive cells cannot store sulfur granules because _______________. a. gram-positive bacteria lack a periplasm b. the sulfur granules cannot pass through the peptidoglycan of a gram-positive bacterium c. gram-positive cells are too small d. they don’t transport sulfur into the cell BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $100 Question Question: A slime layer or capsule helps a cell to _______________. a. prevent osmotic lysis b. transport nutrients c. disperse in a liquid environment d. make a biofilm BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $100 Answer Question: A slime layer or capsule helps a cell to _______________. a. prevent osmotic lysis b. transport nutrients c. disperse in a liquid environment d. make a biofilm BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $200 Question Question: The structure labeled A is a _______________? a. flagella b. fimbriae c. pilus d. capsule BACK TO GAME ANSWER A

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $200 Answer Question: The structure labeled A is a _______________? a. flagella b. fimbriae c. pilus d. capsule BACK TO GAME A

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $300 Question Question: Sporulation in endopore-forming bacteria occurs when _______________? a. a key nutrient used by the organism becomes depleted b. the organism experiences elevated temperature c. the organism is exposed to antibiotics d. the environment surrounding the organism becomes very moist BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $300 Answer Question: Sporulation in endopore-forming bacteria occurs when _______________? a. a key nutrient used by the organism becomes depleted b. the organism experiences elevated temperature c. the organism is exposed to antibiotics d. the environment surrounding the organism becomes very moist BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $400 Question Question: Which is a common genus of bacteria that forms endospores? a. Escherichia b. Staphylococcus c. Clostridium d. Streptococcus BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $400 Answer Question: Which is a common genus of bacteria that forms endospores? a. Escherichia b. Staphylococcus c. Clostridium d. Streptococcus BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $500 Question Question: Which of the following is true about SASPs? a. they are acid soluble b. they can be used as an energy source c. they help protect DNA from UV light d. all of the above BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: Prokaryotic Structures $500 Answer Question: Which of the following is true about SASPs? a. they are acid soluble b. they can be used as an energy source c. they help protect DNA from UV light d. all of the above BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $100 Question Question: Which portion of the flagella is responsible for changing the direction of its rotation? a. mot proteins b. l-ring c. flagellin d. fli proteins BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $100 Answer Question: Which portion of the flagella is responsible for changing the direction of its rotation? a. mot proteins b. l-ring c. flagellin d. fli proteins BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $200 Question Question: What happens when a motile cell with a chemotactic response senses a higher concentration of an attractant? a. its flagella spins faster b. the tumbles become less frequent c. the flagella switches the direction of rotation d. the tumbles become more frequent BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $200 Answer Question: What happens when a motile cell with a chemotactic response senses a higher concentration of an attractant? a. its flagella spins faster b. the tumbles become less frequent c. the flagella switches the direction of rotation d. the tumbles become more frequent BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $300 Question Question: Aerotaxis refers to the movement toward or away from _______________. a. salt b. sugar c. oxygen d. water BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $300 Answer Question: Aerotaxis refers to the movement toward or away from _______________. a. salt b. sugar c. oxygen d. water BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $400 Question Question: Which of the following uses gliding motility? a. Escherichia coli b. Cyanobacteria c. Rhodospirillum d. Pseudomonas BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $400 Answer Question: Which of the following uses gliding motility? a. Escherichia coli b. Cyanobacteria c. Rhodospirillum d. Pseudomonas BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $500 Question Question: Which structure confers buoyancy on a cell and allows it to float up and down in a water column? a. flagella b. magnetosome c. polyphosphate d. gas vesicle BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: Prokaryotic Movement $500 Answer Question: Which structure confers buoyancy on a cell and allows it to float up and down in a water column? a. flagella b. magnetosome c. polyphosphate d. gas vesicle BACK TO GAME

FINAL ROUND Question Question: Microbiologists have evidence for how long an endopore can survive. Based on this evidence, how long can an endospore survive? (Microbial Sidebar Question) a. About 10 years b. About 30 years c. Over 30 years d. Less than 10 years BACK TO GAME ANSWER

FINAL ROUND Answer Question: Microbiologists have evidence for how long an endopore can survive. Based on this evidence, how long can an endospore survive? (Microbial Sidebar Question) a. About 10 years b. About 30 years c. Over 30 years d. Less than 10 years BACK TO GAME