1 Introduction to PBS Positive Behavioral Supports Orientation DDS April 2013

2 PBS—Positive Behavioral Supports Focuses on the person Prevention not just reaction Communicative value of behavior Takes a big picture look at what happened before the behavior occurred. Change the environment

3 PBS…………………………….. Direct Support Professionals/workers provide person-centered, culturally competent services & supports PBS practices—all benefit; few need individualized approach Observe daily, make team aware of changes, patterns Direct Support Professionals role very important

4 Person-Centered Approach Core of our service delivery system: Understanding person’s preferences, needs, hopes, dreams—pay attention to what’s important TO the person as well as pay attention to what’s important FOR the person Focus on what people can do-not only on what they can’t do All people treated with respect & dignity People with difficult behavior entitled to quality lives

5 Person-Centered People all share similar hopes, wants, needs Our purpose is to teach, offer support, provide structure, safeguards so that dreams may be fulfilled. Family, friends, other allies included— along with staff: team approach—collect info, share stories—holistic approach

6 Michael Smull….. “Change was most powerful when all staff were using person centered thinking tools in their roles.”

7 PBS  Environment influences behavior —change environment and may be able to prevent or decrease challenging behavior.  Proactive approach —allow individual to be as successful as possible.  Changing the environment may involve modifying the events that directly precede the behavior (antecedents) or changes may involve broader environmental events.  Do a functional assessment to figure out why behavior occurs and the context in which it occurs.

8 Changing the environment may involve: Modifying task characteristics Reorganizing the physical setting Clarify routines/expectations Revise the activity schedule Change social interactions Provide more opportunities for choice Enhance the predictability of the setting Address physical, medical, psychological issues

9 What is a team? A team is… A group, made up of key people who are most involved in a person’s life, that comes together to help realize the person’s potential. Direct Support Professionals play a very important role here……

10 Different and important perspectives about the person. Larger and better understanding of the person begins to emerge. Support plans begin to be used across different environments Improved ‘buy in’ from families, caregivers, staff and others if they are a part of collaborative approach—all active participants

11 What is behavior?  Behavior is anything we SAY, DO, THINK, FEEL  How we react to the environment  Behaviors are learned and continue because they have a purpose or function  We learn that a desired outcome occurs when the outcome of a behavior serves a purpose  Context in which behavior occurs important  Behaviors let us know about a person’s strengths, weaknesses, abilities, disabilities.

12 Observation Skills Observation skills help us objectively see what’s happening in the environment, especially as it relates to what a person is doing (their behavior). DSPs play very important roles on a daily, ongoing basis in observing what’s happening in a person’s life.

13 Data Collection A collection of observable information that measures the occurrence of a person’s behavior and identifies patterns of behavior over time.

14 Data collection is….. Important for identifying causes of behavior Measures changes in behavior, patterns Assists with development of a support plan/ISP, etc. Consistency, standardized approach- across staff, environments One means of communication among team

15 Story Worksheet Questions… List the undesirable behaviors that are described in the story. What do you think caused those behaviors? Describe what you observed. What happened immediately before the challenging behavior occurred – what could have predicted the event? What was causing it to happen? What was happening around the person (in their environment) when the event occurred?

More Story Questions What has been going on in the person’s life, right now, that may be affecting them and how they are behaving? In the past? How will you find out? What happened right after the behavior? What was maintaining the behavior? What desired behaviors did you see? What positive alternative behaviors were suggested to them? 16

Story Worksheet Questions What change did the behavior have on the environment, other people and/or the outcome? What else did you learn about the person? 17

18 What do you think the behavior means? What was the person trying to tell us? What did the team do? Who had input into what the team did? What would you do differently, if anything? What would you do to redirect Gil’s behavior in a positive direction? What were the data? How were they recorded?

19 ANTECEDENT DESIRED BEHAVIORMAINTAINING CONSEQUENCE PROBLEM BEHAVIORMAINTAINING CONSEQUENCE REPLACEMENT BEHAVIOR SETTING EVENT

20 Cultural Diversity Cultural knowledge —familiar with cultural characteristics, history, values, belief systems and behaviors of an ethic group Cultural awareness —develop sensitivity to and understanding of another ethnic group Ethnic group —a group who shares common values, social practices Cultural sensitivity –-to be appropriately responsive to attitudes, feelings, circumstances of people who share common cultural heritage.

21 Where would you find information about the person? Likes, dislikes, important to them? How can your supervisor help you get to know the people you’ll be working with? Who is the team you’ll be working with and how will you introduce yourself to them? What are some ways you can communicate information to the team?

22 PBS—Positive Behavioral Supports Focuses on the person Prevention not just reaction Communicative value of behavior Takes a big picture look at what happened before the behavior occurred. Change the environment