Wind Hazard Modeling and the HAZUS Wind Model

Major Stakeholders Local, state and federal government agencies Humanitarian organizations Insurance industry Businesses and private citizens

Why Model Wind Damage? Understand/Prepare for Building Damage Understand/Prepare for Sheltering Requirements Understand/Prepare for Emergency Management Response Understand Economic Ramifications Provide Justification for Building Code Changes

Types of Damage and Loss Models Holistic, Actualized Cost Models Meteorological Models Load vs. Resistance Structural Damage Model Tree Damage Models Windborne Debris Damage Models Loss Models

“The HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model is designed to produce loss estimates for use by federal, state, regional and local governments in planning for hurricane risk mitigation, emergency preparedness, response and recovery.” -HAZUS Technical Manual

About HAZUS Hazards United States (Multi-hazard) Product of National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Earthquake Model released in 1997 HAZUS-MH released in 2003 Flood Model and Hurricane Model Geographical Information System (GIS)-Based Model

HAZUS Availability and Requirements h.pdfhttp:// h.pdf Software is free, but requires ArcGIS to operate

Hurricane Model Capabilities Parameter/Data Level 1 (Default Data) Level 2 (User-Supplied Data) Level 3 (Advanced Data) Wind ModelDefault ProbabilisticUser-Defined Scenario Building InventoryDefault ProbabilisticUser-Supplied Facilities and Building Classes Residential Commercial Industrial Essential Facilities Utility, Transportation and High Potential Loss Facilities Display/Edit Locations Only - No Damage or Loss Estimation TerrainDefaultExpert Supplied Loss FunctionsDefault Damage FunctionsDefault Shelter RequirementsDefaultUser-Supplied Parameters DebrisDefault

Wind Hazards Throughout the U.S. Source: HAZUS-MH Wind Technical Manual

HAZUS Wind Model Framework Elements shown in bold are implemented in the current version of the Hurricane Model Source: HAZUS-MH Wind Technical Manual

Creation of HAZUS Fast-Running Damage Functions

Residential Damage States Damage StateQualitative Damage Description Roof Cover Failure Window Door Failures Roof Deck Missile Impacts on Walls Roof Structure Failure Wall Structure Failure 0No Damage or Very Minor Damage Little or no visible damage from the outside. No broken windows, or failed roof deck. Minimal loss of roof cover, with no or very limited water penetration. ≤2%No 1Minor Damage Maximum of one broken window, door or garage door. Moderate roof cover loss that can be covered to prevent additional water entering the building. Marks or dents on walls requiring painting or patching for repair. >2% and ≤15% One window, door, or garage door failure No<5 impacts No 2Moderate Damage Major roof cover damage, moderate window breakage. Minor roof sheathing failure. Some resulting damage to interior of building from water. >15% and ≤50% > one and ≤ the larger or 20% &3 1 to 3 panels Typically 5 to 10 impacts No 3Severe Damage Major window damage or roof sheathing loss. Major roof cover loss. Extensive damage to interior from water. >50% > the larger of 20% & 3 and ≤50% >3 and ≤25% Typically 10 to 20 impacts No 4Destruction Complete roof failure and/or, failure of wall frame. Loss of more than 50% of roof sheathing. Typically >50%>50%>25% Typically >20 impacts Yes

Change this slide to gable, no secondary water resistance, no shutters and with a garage.