Fundamentals of Genetics Review

Definitions 100 The field of Biology devoted to understanding how characteristics are transmitted from parents to offspring.

Definitions 100 Genetics

Definitions 100 When pollen grains from the male part of the flower are transferred to the female part of the flower

Definitions 100 Pollination

Definitions 100 The fertilized egg cell

Definitions 100 zygote

Definitions 100 A segment of DNA on a chromosome that controls a particular hereditary trait

Definitions 100 gene

Definitions 100 The appearance of an organism due to its genotype

Definitions 100 phenotype

Definitions 100 Alternative forms of the same gene

Definitions 100 alleles

Definitions 100 Describes a genotype where the two alleles for the gene are different

Definitions 100 Heterozygous

Definitions 100 Mendel’s Law that says that during gamete formation, the two parental alleles for a gene separate and go into different gametes

Definitions 100 The Law of Segregation

Definitions 100 Type of dominance relationship where the heterozygotes have a phenotype that is intermediate between the homozygous phenotypes

Definitions 100 Incomplete Dominance

Definitions 100 A dominantly inherited trait that results in short stature.

Definitions 100 Achondroplasia

Definitions 100 Mendel’s Law that states that each gene segregates independently of the other genes in gamete formation

Definitions 100 The Law of Independent Assortment

Genetics Problems 200 In pea plants, tall is dominant to short. What is the phenotypic ratio predicted from the following cross? Tt X tt

Genetics Problems 200 ½ tall ½ short Or 1:1 ratio of tall to short

Genetics Problems 200 In pea plants, tall is dominant to short. What is the phenotypic ratio predicted from the following cross? Tt X Tt

Genetics Problems 200 ¾ tall ¼ short Or 3:1 ratio of tall to short

Genetics Problems 200 In pea plants, tall is dominant to short. What is the genotypic ratio predicted from the following cross? Tt X Tt

Genetics Problems 200 ¼ homozygous dominant ½ heterozygous ¼ homozygous recessive Or 1 homo dom: 2 hetero: 1 homo rec

Genetics Problems 300 In guinea pigs, short hair is dominant to long. You have a momma guinea pig (Ss) and a dadda guinea pig (ss) and you plan on letting them breed until they have 30 babies. How many of the babies are expected to have long hair?

Genetics Problems

Genetics Problems 400 A mama oobley boobley bird who is yellow mates with a papa oobley boobley bird who is blue. Their baby birds have some feathers that are blue and some feathers that are yellow. What kind of dominance relationship is this?

Genetics Problems 400 Codominance

Genetics Problems 400 In fruit flies, normal wing shape (V) is dominant to vestigial (v) and grey body (G) is dominant to black body (g). You do a cross between the following individuals: Female: VVGg Male: Vvgg What are the possible gametes that can be formed for both the female and the male?

Genetics Problems 400 Female: VG, Vg Male: Vg, vg

Genetics Problems 500 A tomato plant with yellow flowers is crossed with a tomato plant with red flowers. The offspring (F1 generation) all have orange flowers. What phenotypic ratios do you expect in the F2 generation?

Genetics Problems 500 ¼ yellow flowers ½ orange flowers ¼ red flowers Or 1 yellow: 2 orange: 1 red

Genetics Problems 500 In guinea pigs, black hair color (B) is dominant to brown (b). Short hair (S) is dominant to long (s). What are the phenotypic ratios predicted from the following cross? BBSs X bbSs

Genetics Problems 500 ¾ black, short hair ¼ black, long hair Or 3 black, short: 1 black, long

Genetics Problems 500 A man with type A blood marries and woman who is type B. What are the possible genotypes of their kids?

Genetics Problems 500 OO AB AO BO