Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Unit 5: Drug Use and Abuse Chapter 14 Tobacco and Alcohol Chapter 14 Tobacco and Alcohol

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Key Terms  tobacco  cardiovascular diseases  respiratory diseases  second-hand smoke  alcohol  blood-alcohol content (BAC)  fetal alcohol syndrome  liquor control regulations  legal liability  alcohol abuse  alcohol dependence  Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD)

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Why Some People Smoke and Drink  Curiosity  People they like and respect do it  They don’t see how it will do any harm  People in positions of authority have told them not to

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Why Some People Do Not  Don’t want their money to support the liquor and tobacco industries  They have a family member struggling with alcohol or tobacco dependency  Put off by bad breath and stained fingers  They understand that smoked tobacco is a “performance-reducing” substance  It is against their values and their commitment to health

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Tobacco  The shredded, dried leaf of the tobacco plant  Can be smoked or chewed  Only natural source of nicotine  One of the most addictive substances known to scientists  Contains more than 4,000 chemicals, 40 of which are carcinogens

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Anatomy of a Cigarette

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Hazards of Smoking  Short-term effects:  Heart rate and blood pressure rise  Breathing gets faster  Dizziness  Diarrhea and vomiting  Reduced fitness and athletic ability  Smoker ’ s breath  Long-term effects:  Cancer of the lungs, mouth, and throat  Respiratory disease  Heart attack  Stroke  Stomach ulcers  Cardiovascular disease  Poor dental health

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Second-Hand Smoke  Exhaled smoke from a smoker, or smoke from a smouldering cigarette, is breathed in by another person  A person exposed to second-hand smoke is more likely to develop:  Respiratory problems Coughing, phlegm, chest discomfort  Heart disease

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Second-Hand Smoke  Causes 1,000 deaths in Canadian non- smokers each year  Children whose parents smoke tend to have more:  Ear infections  Chest infections  Asthma

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. The Rewards of Not Smoking  Reduce the risk of:  Lung cancer and other cancers  Heart attack  Stroke  Chronic lung disease  Stopping smoking reduces the risk of smoking-related cardiovascular disease by 50 percent in one year

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. The Rewards of Not Smoking  Other good reasons to quit:  More money in your pocket for other things  Withdraw your support of the tobacco industry  Can participate in physical activity more comfortably  No more foul-smelling smoker ’ s breath  Fewer visits to your doctor  No more freezing outside in Canadian winters

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Alcohol  Produced by fermenting or distilling various fruits, vegetables, or grains  Pure ethyl alcohol is mixed with other ingredients that affect the colour and reduce the alcohol content  Aside from caffeine, the most used substance in Canada and around the world

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Alcohol Content

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)  The amount of alcohol in the bloodstream  A measure of how much a person will be affected by the alcohol  Depends mostly on:  Amount consumed in a given time  Body size  Gender  Metabolism

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. How a High BAC Affects the Body  BAC of about 0.02 gram percent:  Drinker feels relaxed  Can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and reddening of the face  Drinker feels more sociable and more self-confident, or angry, depressed, and withdrawn  BAC of 0.08 to 0.20 gram percent:  Impaired judgement  Inability to judge distances  Impaired reaction time and hand-eye coordination  Stumbling when walking and slurred speech  BAC above the range of 0.40 to 0.60 gram percent:  Usually fatal, as the brain’s control over breathing is blocked

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. The Long-Term Effects of Alcohol on the Body  Liver damage  Heart disease  Ulcers  Certain types of cancer  Blackouts  Brain damage  Sexual problems

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Alcohol and the Law  Liquor control regulations:  Govern the sale and advertising of alcohol  Legal liability:  Individuals responsible for actions of persons under the influence of alcohol  National legal limit for impaired driving is 0.08 gram percent

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Alcohol Abuse and Dependence  Problems linked to alcohol abuse:  Inability to meet work, school, or family responsibilities  Arrests for drunk-driving and car crashes  Drinking-related medical conditions  Loss of non-drinking friends  Loss of interest in non-drinking activities

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Alcohol Abuse and Dependence  Signs of alcohol dependence:  Drinking in larger amounts or over longer periods than intended  Attempting to quit drinking without success  Spending a lot of time on drinking or on obtaining alcohol  Neglecting daily activities

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Factors that Can Lead to Alcohol Dependence  Frequent social situations that encourage drinking  Mental health problems  Excessive stress and unhappiness in one or more areas of life  One or both parents dependent on alcohol  Alcohol abuse in early teen years

Unit 5 Drug Use and Abuse Chapter Tobacco and Alcohol Healthy Active Living Copyright © 2007 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) 