Bell Ringer Wednesday September 11th Name as many of the steps of the Scientific Method as you can HW #2 DUE FRIDAY

Creating Lab Reports

Bell Ringer Thursday September 12th Explain why you think it is important for scientists to use the Scientific Method. Give 2 reasons why creating a lab report is important HW #2 DUE TOMORROW

5 minutes to finish LAB REPORT

THE NATURE OF SCIENCE AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD What is Science? How is Science Done?

SCIENCE IS: a way of understanding the natural world based on our senses exploration

SCIENCE ASKS: What’s there? How does it work? How did it come to be this way?

SCIENCE IS DONE By EVERYONE, EVERYDAY to develop new knowledge using the SCIENTIFIC METHOD

The Scientific Method The Scientific Method is the only scientific way accepted to back up a theory or idea.

Friday, September 13th Bellringer 1. What are the 6 steps of the Scientific Method TURN IN YOUR HOMEWORK

The Scientific Method involves: Observation Question (Problem) Hypothesis Experiment/ Collect Data Result Conclusion

The Scientific Method Observation- We use our senses to gather information about the world around us. AH—Look at this!

Qualitative Observations Color, shape, feel, taste, sound. EXAMPLES: Miso has black and white fur Miso is on a blue igloo

Quantitative Observations Quantity: How many. Will always have a number. Based on exact measurement. EXAMPLES: The Guinea Pig has 2 ears. There is 1 Guinea Pig.

TIME FOR SOME PRACTICE

Friday, September 13th Bellringer For the following image do the following: 1. Write down 2 Qualitative Observations 2. Write down 2 Quantitative Observations TURN IN YOUR HOMEWORK

Question- You ask a question about what you observe. The Scientific Method Question- You ask a question about what you observe. State the problem or question.

Created from observations, inferences, and predictions made by you The Scientific Method -An educated guess Created from observations, inferences, and predictions made by you Hypothesis

INFERENCE? HYPOTHESIS? OR PREDICTION? explanation based on observations guess at what will happen based on prior experience INFERENCE - TESTABLE explanation -guides an experiment PREDICTION HYPOTHESIS

explanation that guides an experiment TESTABLE explanation that guides an experiment HYPOTHESIS

Bell Ringer Monday September 16th ** for each statement below write a testable HYPOTHESIS using the IF…Then… format** ______________________________________________________________________ My satellite tv is not working. I am always late for school.

How do we write a Hypothesis? Use “If”, “Then” format If we drop a ball from a higher height, Then it will bounce higher. “If” is the manipulated variable. (Independent) “Then” is the responding variable. (Dependent)

Some plants are taller than others An Example OBSERVATION Some plants are taller than others HYPOTHESIS If fertilizer is added to a corn plant then it will grow taller than a corn plant without fertilizer PROMPT: WANT TO TEST FERTILIZER CONTROL: NO FERTILIZER EXP GROUP: FERTILIZER

TIME FOR SOME PRACTICE

Bell Ringer Monday September 16th ** for each statement below write a testable HYPOTHESIS using the IF…Then… format** ______________________________________________________________________ My satellite tv is not working. I am always late for school.

How do we write a Hypothesis? Use “If”, “Then” format If we drop a ball from a higher height, Then it will bounce higher. “If” is the manipulated variable. (Independent) “Then” is the responding variable. (Dependent)

The Scientific Method Experiment/ Collect Data- You figure out a way to test your hypothesis . The outcome must be measurable Record and analyze data.

receives independent variable receives “normal” treatment DESIGN AN EXPERIMENT A controlled experiment is a comparison of two or more groups with one difference between the groups EXPERIMENTAL GROUP receives independent variable CONTROL GROUP receives “normal” treatment Corn will receive: sunlight water soil Corn will receive: sunlight water soil fertilizer PROMPT: WANT TO TEST FERTILIZER CONTROL: NO FERTILIZER EXP GROUP: FERTILIZER

VARIABLES CONSTANT VARIABLE: factors that stay the same sunlight, water, soil CONSTANT VARIABLE: factors that stay the same INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: the difference between the groups; the factor manipulated (changed) by the experimenter fertilizer INDPEPENDENT: FERTILIZER DEPENDENT: PLANT HEIGHT DEPENDENT VARIABLE: the measured result of the experiment; the factor that responds to the change plant height

TIME FOR SOME PRACTICE

Bell Ringer -------------Tuesday September 17th You decide to clean the bathroom. You notice that the shower is covered in a strange green slime. You decide to try using lemon juice to get rid of this slime. You spray half of the shower with lemon juice and spray the other half of the shower with water. After 3 days of “treatment”, there is no change in the appearance of the green slime on either side of the shower. What is the Independent Variable? (you have control over this) What is the Dependent Variable? (What are you measuring?)(This is the DATA you are collecting) What is the control group? What is the experimental group? What are the constant variables in this example?

Bell Ringer -------------Wednesday September 18th SpongeBob noticed that his favorite pants were not as clean as they used to be. His friend Sandy told him that he should try using Clean-O detergent, a brand of laundry soap she found at Sail- Mart. SpongeBob made sure to wash one pair of pants in plain water and another pair in water with the Clean-O detergent. After washing both pairs of pants a total of three times, the pants washed in the Clean-O detergent did not appear to be any cleaner than the pants washed in plain water. What is the Independent Variable? (you have control over this) What is the Dependent Variable? (What are you measuring?)(This is the DATA you are collecting) What is a hypothesis that SpongeBob can test? What is the control group? What is the experimental group?

The Scientific Method involves: Observation Question (Problem) Hypothesis Experiment/ Collect Data Result Conclusion

Result- You do the experiment using the method you came up with and The Scientific Method Result- You do the experiment using the method you came up with and record the results. You repeat the experiment to confirm your results by retesting.

The Scientific Method Make a CONCLUSION (explanation based on data) State Conclusion- Does the data support or refute the hypothesis? Make a CONCLUSION (explanation based on data) Are there any ERRORS (sources of mistakes)? Is there a way to improve the experiment?

Experiment & Collect Data DATA / EVIDENCE: “raw” or unprocessed measurements from the experiment QUALITATIVE: (subjective): descriptive data, uses words, pictures QUANTITATIVE: (objective): numerical data, from instruments Height of corn with fertilizer was taller than control group QUALITATITVE: taller, bigger, short, no growth QUANTITATIVE: any numerical change like 2cm taller, 0 cm growth Height of corn with fertilizer averaged 2 cm taller than control group

RESULTS & ANALYSIS What does your data mean? RESULTS: evidence from experiment; organization of data Tables, graphs, visual representation of data This is to be very objective – no commentary

WHAT NOW???? MODEL: graphical explanation or representation After several experiments have been done, Scientists SHARE their findings and/or develop… MODEL: graphical explanation or representation THEORY: a well-tested hypothesis that is has not been proven wrong; generally accepted to be “correct,” unless disproven LAW: a predictable relationship that is accepted as fact MODEL: ATOMIC STRUCTURE THEORY: EVOLUTION LAW – usually means formula; PRINCIPLES – usually more general LAW/Principle often used interchangeably BIG IDEA: CREATE NEW KNOWLEDGE AND TELL OTHERS