AVIATION SAFETY & SECURITY LECTURE 4: AIRPORT SECURITY MOHD ‘ARIFF BIN ABDUL JALIL

OBJECTIVES Able to explain in general how airport security works. Know the equipments and the process related to Airport Security. Able to explain the important of airport security.

How do they relate to each other? REVIEW What is Safety? What is security? How do they relate to each other?

SECURITY Security is a procedure or action taken to ensure safety of a person. The PROCESS of hazard identification and risk management is a SECURITY measurement. If you can provide good security system, you will create very safe environment

SECURITY KEYWORDS Procedure Action taken Techniques Methods TO ENSURE SAFETY What are the steps, procedures, techniques and methods taken by aviation world to ensure safety?

AVIATION WORLD SAFETY AIRCRAFT / AIRPLANES PASSENGER PILOT AND CREW AVS 2104 : AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY AIRCRAFT / AIRPLANES PASSENGER PILOT AND CREW SAFETY AVIATION MANAGEMENT TICKET COUNTER CARGO AIRPORT FLIGHT CONDITION

DO YOU AGREE THAT WE SHOULD START FROM AIRPORT SECURITY? Refer to the TECHNIQUES and METHODS used. Protect airports and aircraft from crime and terrorism (especially after 11/9/2001). DO YOU AGREE THAT WE SHOULD START FROM AIRPORT SECURITY? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWER.

Passenger (From home) Airport Aircraft/ Airplanes Safe Flight Arrive at Destination PASSENGER ROUTE MAP

INTRODUCTION Large numbers of people pass through airports every day. According to the Department of Homeland Security, 730 MILLION PEOPLE travel on passenger jets every year. More than 700 MILLION PIECES OF BAGGAGE are screened- for explosives and other dangerous items. 730, 000, 000 / 365days = 2, 000, 000 passengers in one day

somebody using violence for political purposes. INTRODUCTION This mass gathering attracts terrorism. WHO IS TERRORIST? somebody using violence for political purposes. somebody who uses violence, especially bombing, kidnapping, and assassination, to intimidate others, often for political purposes. They interested in high concentrated people. Example: Airport.

INTRODUCTION The high concentration of people on large airliners, the potential high lethality rate of attacks on aircraft, and the ability to use a hijacked airplane as a lethal weapon provide an alluring target for terrorism. Alluring means extremely attractive or tempting.

Airport Security Airport security provides: - First line of defense. - Attempting to stop would-be attackers from bringing weapons or bombs into the airport. If they can succeed in this, then the chances of these devices getting on to aircraft are greatly reduced. Two (2) purposes of Airport Security are: - protect airport from any attacks and crime. - protect aircraft from being attacks or hijack.

Airport Security Airport Procedure Check-in Stage ( First line of defense) Baggage and Luggage Scanning Personal Check Boarding Pass Check Embark to aircraft

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS First Line Defense : Identity Check Confirming the identity of travelers. This is done by checking: - Photo ID - Identity Card - Passenger details - Legal Document If you are traveling internationally, you need to present your passport.

First Line of Defense The significant of the 1st line defense procedure are: The confirm the right identity of the passenger. To avoid any fraud or false identity person from embark inside aircraft. It is believe that people create false identity just do crime. False identity could create the highest chances of hijacking and terrorism to be happen. Historically, there is incident of hijacking because of false identity profile. To early detect if there is any suspect of wanted person, terrorist or criminal.

False Identity

False Identity

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS First Line Defense Security patrols regularly scan the perimeter in case someone tries to cut through the fence.

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS First Line of defense Especially sensitive areas, like fuel depots or the terminals and baggage handling facilities are even more secure, with more fences and security checkpoints. All access gates are monitored by either a guard station or surveillance cameras (CCTV).

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS Continuous Monitoring (Stated in SMS) Airport authority will keep monitor the airport environment by using CCTV and 24-hours safe guarding action. This continuous monitoring will ensure the authority to detect if there is any suspicious act inside the airport. If there is any suspicious act, the authority will immediately react and make report to the other authority to ensure safety.

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS Continuous Monitoring

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS Enforcement Personnel / Officers

Example of Situation 1 Imagine for a second that you are a terrorist who wants to blow up or hijack a plane. Do you think you’ll be able to do this in 2011?

Baggage & Luggage Scanning At this stage, passenger need to scan all bags and luggage they bring to airport. It is to avoid passenger from bringing any illegal items that potentially could endanger other passengers and aircraft. By scanning the luggage and bags, airport authority could identify illegal item from the scanner image.

Baggage & Luggage Scanning There are several types of baggage and luggage scanning machine such as: X-Ray Machine Computed Tomography Scan Fluoroscopy Scan

Baggage & Luggage Scanning In addition to passenger baggage, most planes carry enormous amounts of cargo. All of this cargo has to be checked before it is loaded.

You Can't Take it With You Boarding You Can't Take it With You There are a number of items that you cannot carry on a plane and some of that can't be packed in your bags, either : Explosives: Fireworks, sparklers, Weapons: Guns, swords, swords, knives with blades of any length Pressurized containers: Hair spray, insect repellant Household items: Flammable liquids, Poisons Corrosives: Car batteries

Why can’t we carry in together?

Personal Check: Metal Detector After check-in and luggage scanning, passenger need to pass though a tall boxy gate which call metal detector. This is done to avoid passenger from bringing any metal weapon or metal item. Not only that, passenger’s body will be check too.

METAL DETECTOR

Personal Check: x-Ray Machine While you are stepping through the metal detector, your carry-on items are going through the X-ray system.

Last Line of Defense: Air Marshall An air marshal is a federal agent disguised to look like regular passenger. Each air marshal is authorized to carry a gun and make arrests If fences and barriers are the first line of defense, the air marshals are the last.

Last Line of Defense: Air Marshall No one knows which passenger is the air marshal. No body knows if an air marshal is in the flight or not. There are not enough Air Marshals to cover every flight, so their assignments are kept secret.

Last Line of Defense: Air Marshall If everything else fails and a terrorist still gets onto a flight with a weapon, an armed air marshal can take control of a situation and restrain the attackers.

GROUP DISCUSSION From the aircraft investigation shown later, determine what happen in the video. Explain how can they do the criminal activities and pass all the first line of defense. In your opinion, what should you do to overcome this situation. Extract any relevant point that is related to the Aviation Safety and Security.

Conclusion As we know, no human is free from doing any mistakes. All the security equipments provided at the airport were not meant to solve problems but actually to assist human and lessen the mistake that might occur. Despite of having good instruments and procedures, still aviation industry need to be develop and continuously improve. This is due the fact that all the procedures and machines. are human made; and the possibility of failure is there.