Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 41 Topic: 12.1 General and Special Senses Essential Question: 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 12.1 General and Special Senses 1. What is the major difference between General and Special Senses?

1.Name your 5 senses. 2.There are two types of senses, general senses and special senses, hypothesize which of the 5 senses belong in each category. Pg. 40

3 General Senses General Senses are those with receptors that are widely distributed throughout the body Ex: Skin, various organs, muscles, and joints, viscera

Which of the 5 sensory receptors goes with each type of general sense? Touch/Pressure Mechanoreceptors Temperature Thermoreceptors Pain Pain receptors

5 General Senses General Senses can be divided into three groups: Exteroceptive senses – senses associated with changes at the body surface Ex: touch, pressure, temperature, pain Visceroceptive senses – senses associated with changes in viscera (internal organs) Ex: blood pressure stretching blood vessels, ingesting a meal Proprioceptive senses – senses associated with changes in muscles and tendons and in body position

6 Special Senses Special Senses have more specialized receptors whose receptors are located in the complex sensory organs of the head Based on their location, hypothesize which senses are “special senses”

Smell Chemoreceptors (olfactory receptors) Taste Chemoreceptors (taste cells aka gustatory cells-located in taste buds) Hearing Mechanoreceptors (hair cells) Vision Photoreceptors (rods and cones) Which type of receptor goes with each type of special sense?

Special and General Senses (5m25s) Pg. 40 Take 3-5 bullets about each sense Vision Hearing Taste Smell Touch (Video in this order)

All senses work basically the same way: Sensory receptors stimulate neurons to send impulses along sensory fibers to the brain There the cerebral cortex forms a “perception”

10 In your own words… Explain what you think the difference is between Sensation and Perception. Pg. 40

11 Senses Sensation is a feeling that occurs when brain becomes aware of sensory impulse based on new experiences or recalled memory The resulting sensation depends on which region of the cerebral cortex receives the impulse Ex: a soft Touch A pleasant sound Small black lines

12 Sensations Projection is a process in which the brain projects the sensation back to the apparent source It allows a person to pinpoint the region of stimulation Exs: The eyes see an apple The nose smells an apple The ears hear the crunch as we bite into an apple

13 Senses Perception is a person’s view of the stimulus; the way the brain interprets the information Ex: the feel of a hand Classical music playing Letters on an eye chart

14 Pathways From Sensation to Perception (Example of an Apple) Pg 40

Let’s take a look at how your brain “perceives” these optical illusions. Write down the first picture you see.

Pushing the Limits: Sensation (8m 11s)