1. 12.2 General and Special Senses
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 43 Topic: 12.2 General and Special Senses Essential Question:
12.2 General and Special Senses
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
What is the major difference between General and Special Senses?
What is the major difference between General and Special Senses?

2. P. 42 NEED 10 LINES NEED 5 LINES Intro questions (x2) 1.
General senses:
Special senses:
Sensation v. perception
Video Notes (x10)
NEED 10 LINES
Optical Illusions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
NEED 5 LINES

3. Top Pg. 42 Intro. Questions Name your 5 senses.
Hypothesize which of the 5 senses belong in each category:
General senses-
Special senses-

4. All senses work basically the same way:
Sensory receptors stimulate neurons to send impulses along sensory fibers to the brain
There the cerebral cortex forms a “perception”

5. General Senses
General Senses are those with receptors that are widely distributed throughout the body
Ex: Skin, muscles, and joints, viscera (organs and cavities of body)
TOUCH!!!!

6. General Senses can be divided into three groups:
Exteroceptive senses – senses associated with changes at the body surface
Ex: touch, pressure, temperature, pain
Visceroceptive senses – senses associated with changes in viscera (internal organs)
Ex: blood pressure stretching blood vessels, ingesting a meal
Proprioceptive senses – senses associated with changes in muscles and tendons and in body position

7. Hypothesize which of the 5 sensory receptors goes with each type of general sense? -verbal
Touch/Pressure
Mechanoreceptors
Temperature
Thermoreceptors
Pain
Nociceptors

8. Special Senses
Special Senses have more specialized receptors whose receptors are located in the complex sensory organs of the head
SMELL/ TASTE/ HEARING/ VISION!!!!
Based on their location, hypothesize which senses are “special senses”

9. Hypothesize which type of receptor goes with each type of special sense?
Smell
Chemoreceptors-olfactory receptors
Taste
Chemoreceptors- taste cells aka gustatory cells-located in taste buds
Hearing
Mechanoreceptors- hair cells
Vision
Photoreceptors- rods and cones

10. Sensation Perception. In your own words… Top-Middle pg. 42
In your own words explain what you think the difference is between:
Sensation
and
Perception.

11. Sensation A pleasant sound Small black lines A soft touch
Sensation is the raw form in which the sensory receptors send information to the brain
Gathered using the senses
Sound, visual image, odor, taste, pain, etc.
Sensation depends on which region of the cerebral cortex receives the impulse (i.e. one region is always interpreted as sound)
A pleasant sound
Small black lines
A soft touch

12. Sensations
Projection: While a sensation forms, the brain interprets it to seem to come from the receptors being stimulated.
Allows us to pinpoint the region of stimulation
Ex: We identify the eye as the region of stimulation when we see an object
Perceive that the eyes see an apple

13. Perception Pleasant sound= Classical music
Perception occurs when the brain interprets the sensory impulses. It is a person’s view of the stimulus.
Help us make sense of our surroundings
The brain organizes the information and translates/interprets it into something meaningful through memories or emotion
Pleasant sound= Classical music
Small black lines=Letters on an eye chart
A soft touch= a hand

14. Perception

15. Pathways From Sensation to Perception (Example of an Apple)

16. Disorder: Prosopagnosia
Prosopagnosia: aka “facial blindness”
Prosopon- face
Agnosia- not knowing
A disorder where the ability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own face is impaired, while other aspects of visual processing and intellectual functioning remain intact. 
No problem with sensation, but a problem with PERCEPTION

17. Sensory Adaptation
What does it mean to “adapt” to something?

18. Sensory Adaptation
Sensory adaptation is the ability to ignore unimportant stimuli or “get used” to it
Otherwise you would be overwhelmed by unimportant information
Involves a decreased response to a particular stimulus from the receptors
Sensory impulses become less frequent and may cease
Stronger stimulus is required to trigger impulses

19. Ex: you are probably unaware of the pressure of your clothing on your skin until it is brought to your attention

20. Crash Course: Sensation & Perception 10m45s
Middle pg. 42
10 bullets

21. Write down the first picture you see.
Let’s take a look at how your brain “perceives” these optical illusions.
Write down the first picture you see.
Bottom of pg. 42

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34. Pushing the Limits: Sensation (8m 11s)