Sue L. T. McGregor PhD Professor Mount Saint Vincent University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada Docent University of Helsinki May rd Nordic Conference on Consumer Research Vaasa, Finland

 Excessive 19 th and 20 th century consumption, fueled by the ideology of consumerism, has lead to the proliferation of the polycrises of wicked, complex global and local problems  We need a different kind of knowledge to address these vicious problems of humanity and the earth’s ecosystem – more than disciplinary, multi and interdisciplinary knowledge. We need transknowledge that is formed from criss-crossing back and forth among disciplines and the rest of the world!

TAME PROBLEM Complex and difficult but can be solved, with everyone agreeing on the solution WICKED PROBLEM Messy, vicious, aggressive social, political, economic and environmental messes; the more you do, the worse things get; yet, something has to be done

 Transdisciplinary has been around since the early 1970s  Nicolescuian transdisciplinarity has been with us since the late 80s, early 90s  In 2010, I coined the term transdisciplinary consumerism  a January 2014 Google search for transconsumerism and transconsumerist yielded virtually zero results

Trans means working at the borders by crisscrossing back and forth (zigzag lateral movement) and actually pushing, climbing over and/or moving beyond borders (transcending): at the interface of disciplines and civil society

 Assumes that things that are normally seen as antagonistic or contradictory can temporarily be reconciled to create transknowledge (things like worldviews, interests, positions taken on an issue, values, beliefs)

political social historical individual Internal World of Humans where Perspectives and Consciousness Flow culture and art religions spiritualites Hidden Third (Mediating Force Lubricating the Movement Between Internal and External Worlds) environmental economic cosmic/planetary External World of Humans Where Information Flows People from all walks of life (Multiple Realities) enter this fecund "middle ground" (zone of non-resistance, ripe with potential and possibilities) prepared to remain open to others' viewpoints so they can use inclusive logic, temporarily reconcile contradictions, while respecting emergence, synergy and fusion, and integrate ideas to form new complex, embodied, and cross-fertilized knowledge that can be used to address the complex problem

 If we are striving to create transknowledge to address wicked problems created by consumption, informed by the ideology of consumerism, maybe those two words are not enough anymore. Maybe we need to go beyond those terms to something that might include  transconsumerism ◦ and  transconsumerist

 Consumerism is an ideology that shapes people’s assumptions about (a) power relationships, (b) preferred market dynamics, (c) presumed rights and responsibilities, and (d) how people make sense of their role as a consumer in a consumer culture and consumer society  Consumerist is ‘consumer’ with ist added to it. Ist is Latin and used to form words that mean ‘some one who does or some one who makes’  Consumerist has two meanings:  One who favours consumerism (the ideology and accompanying behaviour of people in the marketplace)  One who is in an advocate in favour of protecting consumers’ rights and welfare as they consume

 The idea of transconsumerism lets us consider a realm of reality beyond conventional notions of the ideology of consumerism. It lets us climb beyond, even surmount (get through, overcome, conquer, triumph) the longstanding notions of capitalistic consumerism.  Transconsumerism lets us reshape and rethink our assumptions about power relationships, preferred market dynamics, presumed responsibilities and rights as people in our consuming role, and how we make sense of our role as a ‘consumer’

 Ritzer (1998) lamented the loss of spaces where people can escape shopping, be away from shopping. He said we are living in “an era of transconsumerism” and meant that the sameness of malls and brands creates the illusion of positiveness (all is good if we shop!).  Brezsny (2005) defined transconsumerism as the absence of tendencies to predicate happiness on acquiring material possessions. We have moved beyond consumerism if we do not associate happiness with things.  Sebastian (2009) used the term to refer to renting things instead of buying them. We have moved beyond consumerism if we rent things instead of owning them (including renting family, friends, protestors, demonstrators!)

 What new insights and knowledge could we create about people in their consumer role, and the ramifications of their (in)actions, using the transdisciplinary methodology of knowledge creation as we climbed beyond, even surmounted (get through, overcome, conquer, triumph) the longstanding notions of capitalistic consumerism? How would Nicolescuian TD turn things on their head?

e.g., climate change, unsustainability, unequal income and wealth distribution, poverty, exploitation, violence and conflict  Emergence (new things surfacing, appearing as people problem solve together)  Embodied (becoming part of someone)  Complex (containing many interconnected parts that make it difficult to understand but add richness to our lives)  Cross-fertilized (rather than silos)  Inclusion, caring, comprehensive  Multiple perspectives woven together - melded and fused perspectives  Border and boundary crossing, blurring, dismantling (to make room for many voices)  Intellectual work and synergy at these borders

 Instead of one who favours consumerism or one who advocates that consumer’s rights be protected so they can continue to consume or not be harmed by what they consume, what would transconsumerist look like?  Remember ‘ist’ means someone who does or someone who makes  What would a transconsumerist make or do?

 One of the TD levels of reality is the physical, material reality – including materialism and consumerism  Kingwell (2012) coined the term “trans-consumerist end game” and said people could reach this end game by reaching beyond the material world/reality of consumerism  An endgame is the final stage of something, with only a few pieces left to play.

 I suggest that a transconsumerist would view society as being at the end of the long established game of consumerism, ready to move the final pieces and end the game.  As a way to end the game, transconsumerists would advocate that people from all walks of life begin to consider the merit of embracing Nicolescuian transdisciplinarity as a new methodology for creating the transknowledge needed to solve the wicked problems of how to embrace our humanity and live on this finite planet – by NOT consuming like we are now – change our ideologies and resultant behaviour – change the game! ◦ They would favour transdisciplinary consumerism.

 Nicolescuian transdisciplinary methodology  Transconsumerism  Transconsumerist  Transdisciplinary consumerism