Unit 4 People in the Global Ecosystem Chapter 13 - Human Population

Chapter 13.1 History of the Human Population Objectives Describe the major events that have affected the rates of human population growth throughout history.

Chapter 13.1 Thomas Malthus. British economist who lived during the late 1700s & early Noted that “population tend to grow geometrically” (1,2,4,8,16…) Whereas food supply “only increases arithmetically” (1,2,3,4,5…)

Chapter 13.1 Increases in growth rate Starvation, predation and disease kept death rates fairly high ~20,000 YA humans started establishing permanent settlements

Chapter 13.1 Increases (continued) Agricultural revolution ~8,000 YA hunter-gatherers began to develop farming skills and techniques and learned to domesticate animals Within a relatively short time our population reached 5 million (remember a 1,000 million is a billion)

Chapter 13.1 Increases (continued) Industrial revolution ~300 YA technological advances have improved food production and distribution, safer work environments, better health care and more access to the same

Chapter 13.1 Germ Theory. Occurred around the same time as the industrial revolution. Identified that bacteria and microorganisms are the agents responsible for many diseases The development of efficient hospitals was an outstanding contribution of Islamic medicine. (Separate wards for different diseases especially infectious ones) E. Coli

Chapter 13.1 Decreases Declines in Growth Rate Disease –Black Death (bubonic plague) –Influenza (1918) Famine –Irish potato famine (1840s) –China ( ) 9,000,000 deaths War –Take your pick… Pestilence –pollution –greenhouse effect –nuclear poisoning and –man-made maladies of mankind

Chapter 13.2 Growth and Changing Needs Objectives Compare and contrast population growth trends in developing and industrialized nations. Infer reasons why emigration is higher in developing nations than in industrialized.

Chapter 13.2 Measuring Growth Rate Growth Rate = Birth Rate (births/1000) – Death Rate (deaths/1000) Egypt’s Growth = Birth Rate (38/1000) – Death Rate (9/1000)  29/1000(2.9%)

Chapter 13.2 Demography Demography is the science of the changing vital statistics in a human population. Are people becoming: older? richer? better educated? more children? more men than women?

Chapter 13.2 Changing Needs Larger human populations have greater needs than smaller. Different needs based on: older? better educated? more children? more men than women?

Chapter 13.3 Challenges of Overpopulation Objectives Relate how overpopulation affects natural resources, energy demands and biodiversity. Hypothesize how the availability of resources affects population growth.

Remember ? Chapter 5.3 Limiting Factors Population Size Human Disturbance Climate Natural Disasters Density-independent limiting factors Water Availability Living Space Food Competition Disease Parisitism Predation Density-dependent limiting factors

Chapter 13.3 Rapid Population Growth Rapid population growth places demands on: Resources (minerals, food, fuels) Space (less land) Health Problems Population Size Human Disturbance Climate Natural Disasters Water Availability Living Space Food Competition Disease Parisitism Predation All life on Earth Is interconnected

Chapter 13.3 Controlling Overpopulation Seems obvious that controlling the birth rate is the answer to overpopulation. Religious organizations Nations with low birth rates Cultural beliefs

Chapter 13.3 U.S. Overpopulation Is the US in danger of becoming over populated? Would we accept family planning restrictions?

Chapter 13.3 Suggestion for Controlling Overpopulation

Chapter 13.3 Technology Is technology the answer? Past Attempts Fire Established Settlements Agriculture Industrialization

Chapter 13.3 and Counting

Chapter 13.3 Too Big... “Too big for me to comprehend” “Something I can wrap my mind around”

Chapter in closing "Democracy cannot survive overpopulation. Human dignity cannot survive overpopulation. Convenience and decency cannot survive overpopulation. As you put more and more people onto the world, the value of life not only declines, it disappears." -Issac Asimov- "We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them. " - Albert Einstein -

Before & After Also important is recognizing change “What have I learned...? ” Push your students to do self-reflective exercises

References Wiley. "Non Sequitur." Cartoon. gocomics. 15 Sept Sept Earth Science Geology, the Universe and the Environment. Glencoe, PDF Version. 17 Sept p. 23