MineralsIgneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks The Rock Cycle

100 pts.  Why is Color an unreliable way to identify a mineral?

200 pts.  Please list the five characteristics of a mineral.

300 pts.  What scale do we use to determine the hardness of a mineral?

400 pts.  Describe how to perform a streak test for a mineral.

500 pts.  What does it mean when we say a mineral has a definite chemical composition?

Same mineral can be different colors, Different minerals can be same colors, OR Color can be altered by impurities, water, and air. 100 pts.

1.Naturally Occurring 2. Inorganic 3. Solid 4. Crystalline Structure 5. Definite Chemical Composition 200 pts.

Mohs Hardness Scale 300 pts.

Scratch a mineral on a porcelain tile and observe the color of the powder left on the tile. 400 pts.

Definite Chemical Composition means the mineral is made up of the same chemicals/compounds throughout the whole sample. 500 pts.

100 pts. How do Igneous rocks form?

200 pts. Where do intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks form?

300 pts. What determines the grain size of igneous rocks?

400 pts. Which type of igneous rock will typically cool faster, intrusive or extrusive?

500 pts. How do we describe the color of an igneous rock? (2 terms- what does each mean?)

Magma/lava cools and hardens 100 pts.

Intrusive= inside the Earth Extrusive= outside of the Earth. 200 pts.

How fast or slow the magma cools and hardens. Fast= fine/small grains Slow= coarse/big grains 300 pts.

Extrusive will cool faster 400 pts.

Mafic = Dark color Felsic= Light color 500 pts.

100 pts. What are the 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks?

200 pts. What processes are involved in the formation of Sedimentary Rocks?

300 pts. Where does the sediment come from that will eventually form sedimentary rocks?

400 pts. What is the term for a key feature of sedimentary rocks when we see rock layers?

500 pts. Please describe each of the three types of sedimentary rocks.

Clastic Chemical Organic 100 pts.

1. Weathering (erosion and deposition) 2. Compaction 3. Cementation 200 pts.

From other rocks that were weathered down 300 pts.

Strata= rock layers 400 pts.

Clastic: rock fragments and other sediment are compacted and cemented together. Chemical: minerals dissolved in water crystallize out Organic: material from plants and animals (such as fossils and seashells) make up the rock. 500 pts.

100 pts. What causes the formation of metamorphic rocks?

200 pts. Name and describe the two textures associated with Metamorphic rocks.

300 pts. How does regional metamorphism occur? (2 ways)

400 pts. How does contact metamorphism occur?

500 pts. How does the composition of a rock change due to heat and pressure?

Heat and Pressure 100 pts.

Foliated= mineral grains align in bands Nonfoliated= not banded 200 pts.

1. Pressure builds up due to weight of rocks above 2. Pressure builds up due to pieces of Earth’s crust colliding. 300 pts.

Heat from nearby magma morphs the rock. 400 pts.

Under enough heat and pressure, minerals can combine and recrystallize to form new minerals. 500 pts.

100 pts. A rock melts into magma. As magma, it can only go on to form one type of rock, which is a(n) ____________ rock.

200 pts. The grains of a sedimentary rock are made out of ___________________, while the grains of an igneous rock are made out of ________________.

300 pts. What is the Rock Cycle?

400 pts. What kind(s) of rock can be morphed or changed into a metamorphic rock?

500 pts. What determines which direction the rock cycle will take? (As an old rock changes into a new rock, what determines what the new rock will be?)

Igneous 100 pts.

The grains of a sedimentary rock are made out of sediments, while the grains of an igneous rock are made out of mineral crystals. 200 pts.

The process of turning old rock into new rock. 300 pts.

ANY rock! 400 pts.

500 pts. The processes that the rock goes through. (How it is formed!)