Warm Up What is a wave? Name all the parts of a wave you can think of Name all the different kinds of waves you can think of.

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Presentation transcript:

Warm Up What is a wave? Name all the parts of a wave you can think of Name all the different kinds of waves you can think of

Wave – a disturbance that travels through space and time, usually transmitting energy. Properties of Waves

Waves have several parts to them…

The normal is where the medium would be if there were no wave.

The normal is shown as a dotted line here.

The crest is the part of the wave that goes above the normal.

The trough is the part of the wave that goes below the normal.

Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Amplitude. Momentum

Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Amplitude. Momentum Crest

Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Amplitude. Momentum Crest Trough

Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Amplitude. Momentum Wavelength

Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Amplitude. Momentum Wavelength Amplitude

Properties of Waves

Mechanical Wave – a wave that requires a material in which to travel. Properties of Waves

Electromagnetic (visible light) waves, radio waves, microwaves and X-rays can travel through a vacuum like space Properties of Waves

2 Types of waves: Properties of Waves

2 Types of waves: Transverse Waves – a wave whose particles vibrate perpendicularly to the direction of wave motion. Properties of Waves

Crest Properties of Waves 2 Types of waves: Transverse Waves Trough

So remember… when the particles move perpendicular to the energy, you have a transverse wave.

2 Types of waves: Longitudinal (Compression) Wave – a wave whose particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave motion. Properties of Waves

2 Types of waves: Longitudinal Wave Properties of Waves

2 Types of waves: Longitudinal Wave Properties of Waves Compression Rarefaction

Longitudinal waves don’t have crests and troughs like transverse waves.

Instead they have areas of bunched up particles, and areas of spread apart particles.

The areas of bunched up particles are compressions. (look up top!)

The areas of spread apart particles are rarefactions. ( look on the bottom )

On a transverse wave, the wavelength is the distance between two crests or troughs.

On a longitudinal wave, wavelength is the distance between compressions or rarefactions.

Instead of writing “wavelength” all the time, scientists use the Greek letter lambda to represent wavelength.

Lambda = wavelength

Properties of Waves Wavelength

The amplitude of a transverse wave is how far from the normal the medium moves.

The amplitude of a longitudinal wave is the thickness of the compressions.

The amplitude of a wave tells us how much energy is in the wave. Larger amplitude means more energy!

Amplitude Properties of Waves

Frequency (f) – Hertz – number of complete cycles (1 crest and 1 trough) per second. (2 Hz = twice per second) Properties of Waves

frequency wavelength The light blue wave here has the smallest frequency. You can tell because it has the longest wavelength.

frequency The blue wave has the greatest frequency. You can see it has the smallest wavelength.

Frequency hertz (Hz). Frequency is measured in a unit called hertz (Hz).

Hz One Hz means that one crest passes a given point each second.

Period (T) – amount of time required for one complete vibration. Properties of Waves

1 second

Frequency and Period are inversely related. High frequency = low period Low frequency = high period Properties of Waves

Frequency and Period are inversely related. f = 1T = 1 T f Properties of Waves

Wave Speed v = f λ v = velocity of wave (m/s) f = frequency (Hz) λ = wavelength (m) Properties of Waves

The piano string tuned to middle C vibrates at 264 Hz. Assuming the speed of sound is 343m/s, what is the wavelength of the sound? Properties of Waves

The piano string tuned to middle C vibrates at 264 Hz. Assuming the speed of sound is 343m/s, what is the wavelength of the sound? Properties of Waves v = f λ

The piano string tuned to middle C vibrates at 264 Hz. Assuming the speed of sound is 343m/s, what is the wavelength of the sound? 343 = Properties of Waves v = f λ

The piano string tuned to middle C vibrates at 264 Hz. Assuming the speed of sound is 343m/s, what is the wavelength of the sound? 343 = 264(λ) Properties of Waves v = f λ

The piano string tuned to middle C vibrates at 264 Hz. Assuming the speed of sound is 343m/s, what is the wavelength of the sound? λ = 1.3m Properties of Waves v = f λ

Green Light has a wavelength of 5.25x10 -7 m. If the frequency is 5.71x10 14 Hz, how fast does green light travel? Cool Down

Green Light has a wavelength of 5.25x10 -7 m. If the frequency is 5.71x10 14 Hz, how fast does green light travel? Momentum v = f λ

Green Light has a wavelength of 5.25x10 -7 m. If the frequency is 5.71x10 14 Hz, how fast does green light travel? v = (5.71x10 14 )(5.25x10 -7 ) Momentum v = f λ

Green Light has a wavelength of 5.25x10 -7 m. If the frequency is 5.71x10 14 Hz, how fast does green light travel? v = 299,775,000m/s 2.99x10 8 m/s Momentum v = f λ

Exit Slip 1.Draw a diagram of a wave and label the parts