MULTIPLICITY Adaptations for Targeted Population Juvenile Teams

1.Collaborative Planning: Engage all stakeholders in creating an interdisciplinary, coordinated, and systemic approach to working with youth and their families. TKC 1. Drug courts integrate alcohol and other drug treatment services with justice system case processing. May demand a new way of doing business that may require adjustments in the court’s existing procedures (language, days, times, LEP).

2. Teamwork: Develop and maintain an inter-disciplinary, non-adversarial work team. TKC2. Drug courts use a non-adversarial approach, promote public safety while protecting participants’ due process rights. Make certain that topics of cultural awareness, competency and proficiency are included in the annual training plan. Remember: Individuals are competent and teams are proficient !

A Team Effort 4

You are not alone In each case and profession, the boundaries remain intact, but the information is exchanged through cooperation and waiver. 5

Why would I do this? More Information Eyes and ears of the team You are needed Community restoration 6

3. Clearly Defined Target Population and Eligibility Criteria: Define a target population and eligibility criteria that are aligned with the program’s goals and objectives TKC3. Drug courts identify eligible participants early and promptly place them in the drug court program Examine criteria to see if standards create over or under-representation of participants.

Know Your Population

Strengths-Based Perspective Assist clients in examining and identifying their own strengths Case manager provides support for client in their search for resources Consider family needs and the impact that treatment and recovery is going to have on the family 9

What Motivates Change? Self-Questioning Values Needs Anxieties Insight Desire Discovery Readiness!!! 10

Help Client Consider: How much of a problem does their behavior possess for them? How is their behavior affecting them both positively and negatively? How the behavior is hindering family reconciliation and support systems 11

4. Judicial Involvement and Supervision: Schedule frequent judicial reviews and be sensitive to the effect that court proceedings can have on youth and their families. TKC7. Drug Courts use ongoing judicial intervention with each drug court participant as an essential component of the program, B e understanding of language, attitudes, lifestyles and peer influences on youth

5. Monitoring and Evaluation: Establish a system for program monitoring and evaluation to maintain quality of service, assess program impact, and contribute to knowledge in the field. TKC8. Drug Courts utilize monitoring and evaluation to measure the achievement of program goals and gauge effectiveness Consider if any of the collection methods or questions inhibit participation

6. Community Partnerships: Build partnerships with community organizations to expand the range of opportunities available to youth and their families. TKC10. Drug courts forge partnerships among the court, public agencies, and community-based organizations to generate local support and enhance drug court effectiveness. Consider resources that share their culture, faith, and other interests of participants.

7. Comprehensive Treatment Planning: Tailor interventions to the complex and varied needs of youth and their families. TKC4. Drug courts provide access to a continuum of alcohol, drug, and other related treatment and rehabilitation services. Consider who’s treatment it is and can it be strength- based and remember that the true expert on the client’s strengths is usually the client !

16 Criteria Frequently Used To Judge Motivation Missing appointments, late for appointments Missing a drop Missing a court date Flat affect

17 Criteria Frequently Used To Judge Motivation ( Cont’d ) Disheveled appearance Disagreeing with the practitioner Establishing different priorities Relapse

18 Factors Impacting Motivation Long history of substance use Mental illness Identification with a drug sub-culture Past history of failure

19 Factors Impacting Motivation (Cont’d) Family dynamics which encourage use Barriers encountered in attempting to access services Legal problems Ongoing Criminal Activity

20 Factors Impacting Motivation (Cont’d) Education status Employment status Family problems Housing status

21 Factors Impacting Motivation (Cont’d) Domestic violence Conflict resolution skills Medical problems Emotional abuse/Physical Abuse/Sexual Abuse

8. Developmentally Appropriate Services: Tailor treatment to the developmental needs of adolescents. Youth experience and perceive gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, special needs, and stage of readiness to change differently at different stages of adolescent development.

9. Gender-Appropriate Services: Design treatment to address the unique needs of each gender. TKC9. Drug courts employ continuing interdisciplinary education to promote effective drug court planning, implementation, and operations Consider the role of trauma as a unique variable, focus on strengths, and when co-ed services are helpful.

10. Cultural Competence: Create policies and procedures that are responsive to cultural differences and train personnel to be culturally competent. Consider a Cultural Needs Assessment 11. Focus on Strengths: Maintain a focus on the strengths of youth and their families during program planning and in every interaction between the court and those it serves. Remember the expert is usually the client so strategize on how to get the client’s input

25 Perceptions of Motivation and Performance in Drug Court: Client Perspectives

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27 Turn Off the “Automatic Pilot” by: Becoming aware of our mental filters Deciding not to act on stereotypes Seeking new information Using tools to interrupt mental tapes and engage in active listening

28 Perceptions of Motivation Influenced by: Client’s cultural perception of the Criminal Justice System Client’s cultural perception of the Drug Treatment System Practitioner’s cultural perception of the client’s behavior

29 Perceptions Paradigm Cues Filters Perceptions Assumptions Behavior

12. Family Engagement: Recognize and engage the family as a valued partner in all components of the program. Gathering input and information respectfully creates a foundation for services, planning and evaluation. 13. Educational Linkages: Coordinate with the school system to ensure that each participant enrolls in and attends an educational program that is appropriate to his or her needs. School are extensions of the community and school success is an example of achievement

31 The Client’s Culture Shapes His/Her Belief System About: Eye Contact Individual vs. Family Well-being Punctuality Style of Dress

32 Attitudes and Behaviors Which Might Be Presented by African Americans Entering Drug Court Behavior ‘ ’Sloppy’’ Dress Questioning Actions Refusal to look in the eyes Tardy, no show, incomplete tasks or assignments Non-verbal War stories Perception Disrespectful Distrust or healthy paranoia Anger or hostility Resistant or lack of commitment Refusal to develop rapport Defeatist attitude

14. Drug Testing: Design drug testing to be frequent, random, and observed. Document testing policies and procedures in writing. TKC5. Drug courts monitor abstinence by frequent alcohol and other drug testing. Not sure what to put here as a cultural example. Think of how youth culture may have issues with standing in front of an officer giving urine while family is at home. The culture of employment; due to budget issues, law enforcement/probation officers may not want to work on weekends.

Man-made Mayhem Synthetic Drug Trends

Herbal Smoking Blend K-2, Spice, Spice Gold, Whacky Weed, Witch Weed, Blueberry Crescent, Black Magic Ingredients: Baybean, Blue Lotus, Lion's Tail, Lousewort, Indian Warrior, Dwarf Scullcap, Maconha Brava, Pink Lotus, Marshmallow, Red Clover, Rose, Siberian Motherwort, Canavalia Maritime, Leonotis Leonurus, Leonurus Sibiricus, Pedicularis Densiflora, Scuttellaria Nana, Vanilla Planifolia, Zorinia Latifolia, Magnolia Officinalis, Rosa Gallica, Trifolium 35

Brands/Flavors Other Common Brands: 36

Brands/Flavors P.E.P Spice stronger than spice 37

Definition: Herbal Smoking Blends: Usually smoked for Marijuana- like effects believed to be caused by a mixture of synthetic cannabinoid drugs. Several different Brands of Herbal Smoke have been marketed and shown to contain different proportions of the synthetic cannabinoid active ingredients, and reportedly produce subtly different effects. Synthetic Marijuana: Current identifications are HU-210; JWH-018, JWH-200, JWH-073, CP There may are many others. May, 2011 banned Cathinone derivatives, psychedelic phenethylamines, also 124 separate JWH compounds. 38

Intoxicating Effects Similar to Marijuana: lowered blood pressure, impairment of psychomotor coordination, concentration, short-term memory, psychotic episodes. Duration: initial effects min, high reportedly last 8-12 hours. Some of these are 100 to 800 times more potent than THC. 39

Packaging comments:  Not for human consumption  Not for sale in the United States  Not to be sold to persons under age 18 40

YOU'LL NEVER FAIL A DRUG TEST There's never been a case reported by our clients that any of our Herbal Smoke Blends caused them to fail a test. 41

Associated Paraphernalia The vaporizer pipe 42

Paraphernalia Vapir One v5.0 Vaporizer 43

Paraphernalia Wooden Herb Grinder Mini 1" Herb Grinder 44

Paraphernalia NEW! Smoke Clear Transparent Blunt Papers 45

SPICE/K-2 It has recently been discovered that Spice has been diluted in water to a paste form then applied to cigarettes. Once dried the cigarettes are smoked to gain the effects of Spice. Reports say the cigarettes can be ordered over the internet from overseas. Now smuggling paper soaked in Spice into jails and prisons. 46

Bath Salts Some say it a greater high than Cocaine Mephedrone, 4-MMC, M-Cat, Bubbles 47

BATH SALTS Side effects: Mephadrone has been reported to cause nose bleeds, nose burns, hallucinations, nausea, vomiting, blood circulation problems, rashes, anxiety, paranoia, fits, and delusions. Other problems may include poor concentration, poor short-term memory, increased heart rate, abnormal heart beats, anxiety, depression, increased sweating, dilated pupils, the inability to normally open the mouth, and teeth grinding. 48

15. Goal-Oriented Incentives and Sanctions: Respond to compliance and noncompliance with incentives and sanctions that are designed to reinforce or modify the behavior of youth and their families. TKC6. Drug Courts use a coordinated strategy to govern responses to participants’ compliance Consider development age of youth and include family and schools in application of incentives and sanctions – ie: Incentives should be culturally based; football is important for many, football tickets (integrating youth personal interest) vs movie tickets to an old movie; might incentives be provided to family care takers for youth who have children…?

Reduce undesirable behaviors and increase desirable behaviors Positive vs. negative reinforcement Carrot and Stick

Initial Behaviors and Attitudes: Defiant Uncooperative Positive Tests Denial pre-contemplative or contemplative Withdrawn/ non-communicative Suspicious Low self-esteem/confidence First Things First: Target Behaviors

Behaviors and attitudes near end of program: Communicative Cooperative Self-Aware Improved self-esteem Maintenance Stage of change Open Confident First Things First: Target Behaviors

Not all punishments are painful, and not all painful events are punishing. Responses are in the eye of the behaver

Responses should be delivered immediately Timing Is Everything

Procedural fairness Clear expectation explanation Method of delivery Respect and dignity Do Due Process

Fishing for Tangible Resources

Don’t expect too much  Learned helplessness and ratio burden Don’t expect too little  Habituation Proximal vs. distal goals Phase specificity Target Behaviors

16. Confidentiality: Establish a confidentiality policy and procedures that guard the privacy of the youth while allowing the drug court team to access key information. Consider (Not sure what to put here) in many jurisdictions, juvenile drug courts have the option of conducting its hearings in the presence of all the drug court participants, their families, and other interested parties…you may need to consider how this may impact a culture that values its privacy

Questions/Comments Vanessa Price