3.02C Multimedia Fair Uses Guidelines and Elements 3.02 Demonstrate interactive multimedia presentations

Multimedia Fair Uses Guidelines

Guidelines for using copyrighted multimedia elements include: Text Motion media Illustrations Music Internet Numerical data sets Copying and distribution Alteration limitations Citations Multimedia Fair Uses Guidelines

Multimedia Elements

Multimedia Elements Text Graphics Animation Audio Video Menus Hyperlinks Virtual Reality Themes

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Texts features should be: Appropriate for audience. Readable, which serif is preferred due to the lines at the top and bottom of text and guide the eyes across the page. Consistent.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Graphics are an important part of the communication process that provide highlights, expressions, demonstrations, and backgrounds The two types of graphic used in multimedia are draw-type and bitmap. Draw-types are made up of arcs and lines. Bitmap is made of dots.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) The multimedia designer must do the following to graphics: Balance the size and quality. Use the appropriate graphics according to intended purposes. File formats determine how graphics will be displayed. Most popular: TIFF (Tagged Image File Format), BMP (Bitmap), PCX (Windows Paint) and PICT (Macintosh) Standard for the internet: JPEG (Joint Photographer Experts Group), GIF (Graphics Interchange file format) and PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Graphics programs allow designers to draw, paint, or edit images. A combination of the graphic programs may have to be used in creating multimedia titles.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) 2-D Animations are useful in multimedia in the areas of entertainment, education, and training especially. 2-D Animations provide simulation and dramatizations that may not be possible by videotape.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) 3-D animations are more complex. Creating 3-D animations include modeling, animation, and rendering. Modeling is creating broad contours and structure of 3-D objects and scenes. Animation is determining the objects motions. Rendering involves determining colors, surface textures, and amounts of transparency of objects.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Sounds in multimedia titles could include: Music. Narrations. Sound effects. Original recordings. Sound waves are vibrations that are created when we speak. The patterns of sound waves are called analog wave patterns that have two attributes: volume and frequency.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) The sound waves are converted from analog to digital form. This conversion is called sampling Sampling is the recording of sound every fraction of a second. Sampling is impacted by sample rate and size. The rate is the number of times the sample is taken and rate is the information stored about the sample. Volume is the peak of sound waves and the distance between the peaks is the frequency.

Audio File Formats AU CDA MP3 MIDI WAV WMA For definition of each file format, play the PPT and click on the hyperlinks

Audio File Size Sampling rate Sample size Channels recorded

Sampling Also called a sample rate. Typically expressed in samples per second, or hertz (Hz), the rate at which samples of an analog signal are taken in order to be converted into digital form. A means of reproducing a continuous event, such as sound or motion, by recording many fragments of it.

Sample Size The number of bits used to store a sample. Also called resolution. In general, the more bits allocated per sample, the better the reproduction of the original analog information. Audio sample size determines the dynamic range. DVD PCM audio uses sample sizes of 16, 20, or 24 bits.

Sample Rate The frequency at which an analog audio stream is "sampled" or converted into digital. The higher the sampling rate, the closer the digital file will be to the original analog source and the better the quality. A sample rate of 44,100 khz is considered CD-quality. The number of digital samples recorded per second.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Videos like sounds are recorded and played as analog signals, which must be digitized to be used in multimedia titles. Videos provide actual events for viewing instead reading about or listening to them. Sources for videos include web sites and stock film companies.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Videos can be used in CD-ROMS, games, in presentations, in video simulations, or during videoconferences or on websites. Have variance in quality and user. Are free or available for a fee.

The Video Format The file format of the video determines: Which programs can open and play it. How much space it occupies on a disk. How fast it travels over an Internet connection.

Video File Formats AVI (audio video interleave) MOV (movie), also known as QuickTime MPEG compresses audio and video RM (RealMedia) WMV (Windows media video) AVI-Video quality can be very good at smaller resolutions, but files tend to be rather large. MOVA-movie or video file in Apple's QuickTime format. MPEG-The standard for compression and storage of motion video, for example, videos available though the World Wide Web. RM-Typically stores a movie clip; generally supported by many different platforms. WMV-A generic name for the set of proprietary streaming video technologies developed by Microsoft.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Stock clips of animation, sound, and video are: Accessible on CD’s, slideshow application or web sites. Made available by vendors or individuals. Available in several formats such as MPEG1, Quicktime or Streaming Quicktime.

Multimedia Elements (Continued) Virtual Reality is an environment that surrounds users so that they become part of the experience. Theme refers to the concept or idea of the title.

Basic Parts of Multimedia Presentations

Basic Parts of Multimedia Presentations Menus are a list of options available for users. Commands link to other parts of the presentation. Without the links between pages, the user cannot navigate the presentation.

Basic Parts of Multimedia Presentations (Continued) Hyperlinks are “hot spots” or “jumps” that locate another file or page. They are represented by a graphic or colored and underlined text. Hyperlink to video clip Some of the many hyperlinks

Basic Parts of a Multimedia Presentations (Continued) Hyperlinks allow the end user to navigate between slides, additional elements (i.e. Word and Excel documents), audio, video clips, and other interactive parts of the presentation. Hyperlinks also allow the user to launch the Internet browser and open a selected site in cyberspace.

Basic Parts of a Multimedia Presentations (Continued) A slide Transition is the visual effect of a slide as it moves on and off the screen during a slide show. Each slide can only have one transition. Transition features include: Speed Sound Direction Timing

Basic Parts of a Multimedia Presentations (Continued) Build effect is applied to text to make it appear on a slide in increments of one letter, word, or section at a time in order to keep viewers’ attention. Additional build effects can be used with audio clips, video clips, graphics, and other parts of the presentation.

Review Text Motion media Illustrations Music Internet Guidelines for using copyrighted multimedia elements include: Text Motion media Illustrations Music Internet Numerical data sets Copying and distribution Alteration limitations Citations

Review (Continued) Multimedia Elements: Text Graphics Animation Audio Video Virtual Reality Themes

Review (Continued) Basic Parts of Multimedia Presentations Menus Commands Hyperlinks Transition