Absolutism in Russia Objective: Difficulties of Modernization Standard: 10:1.2 Homework: Read

Ivan IV Defeats Mongols- nicknamed “The Terrible” Declares himself Czar after struggle with Boyars Ivan accuses Boyars of poisoning his wife Creates secret police Killed his oldest son during a quarrel

Romanov Ivan’s son incapable and major problems occur until Romanov family takes over Shift away from serfs as most important part of Russian economy Peter the Great moves to modernization Need for warm water port

Peter’s Expansion Westernization- clothes, education Reduced power of landlords Potato Women allowed at social gathering Establishes St. Petersburg as capital because of water routes

Ad in Moscow Gazette “For sale, two plump coachmen; two girls 18 and 15 quick at manual work. Two barbers: one 21 knows how to read and write and play a musical instrument; the other can do ladies and gentleman's hair”

English Engineer who worked in Russia “ The Czar (Peter the Great)…gave orders that all (nobles) that came near his court and were in his pay should…equip themselves with handsome clothes made after the English Fashion…And next he commanded that a pattern of clothes of the English fashion should be hung up at all the gates of the city of Moscow, and that publication should be made, that all persons (except the common peasents).,. Should make their clothes according to the said pattern; and that whosoever should disobey the said orders, and should be found passing any of the gates of the city in their…(traditional clothing) should pay… (a fine) or be obliged to kneel down at the gates of the city, and to have their coats cut off just even with the ground”

Summary Question 1)Who was the first Russian leader to use the term czar? 2)Who did Ivan the Terrible focus his cruelty on? 3)Who were the Boyars? 4)Why did Peter the Great visit Western Europe? 5)Before Peter the Great what was the most essential part of the Russian Economy? 6)Why was St. Petersburg selected as the sight of Peter the Greats Kingdom?

Extra Credit Video Evidence/Interpretation -St. Petersburg (Today)