Eran Salfati and Prof. Raul Rabinovici Ben-Gurion University 2013

Introduction. Game Theory as a tool for DSM. Related Works. DSM Control System Model. Performance Demonstration. Summary.

Introduction. Game Theory as a tool for DSM. Related Works. DSM Control System Model. Performance Demonstration. Summary.

Smart Meter + ECC (Energy Consumption Controller)

An electrical power system which use communication and information technology. NIST Smart Grid Framework

Automated Sensors and Controls. Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). Demand-Side Management (DSM). Clean Energy Sources. Energy Storage. Grid Reliability. Communication System. Cyber Security. Standards.

DSM Load growth and conservation programs Strategic load growth Strategic load conservation Load Management Programs Tariff incentives and penalties Real Time Pricing (RTP) Clitical Peak Pricing (CPP) Time Of Use (TOU) Load Leveling Load Shifting Valley Filling Peak Clipping Direct Load Control (DLC) Energy Reduction Programs

Awareness Green Building Efficient Appliances Smart Meters DSM Algorithms Incentives

Game Theory is a strategic analysis of situations involving a number of factors (Players) aspires for different purposes. Game Theory naturally provides a distributed decision models. Game theory provides a natural framework for developing pricing mechanisms which provide the subscribers the incentives to cooperate.

Study how to implement relevant Game Theory tools for Demand Side Management in Smart Grids. Propose a Control System Model for Demand- Side Management in Smart Grid Using Game Theory to solve the fundamental problem.

Introduction. Game Theory as a tool for DSM. Related Works. DSM Control System Model. Performance Demonstration. Summary.

Cake Cutting Repeated Games Extensive- form Games Strategies Symmetric Games Perfect Information Zero-Sum Games Mixmax Cooperative Games Non- Cooperative Games Normal- form Games Sequential Games Simultaneous Games Atomic Games Pareto Efficiency Stochastic Games Dominant Strategy Pure Strategy Mixed Strategy Static Games Dynamic Games Complete Information Incomplete Information Rationality Problem Modeling Fair Division Mechanism Design Incentives Nash Equilibrium

The Divided ItemsThe Fairness CriteriaThe Challenges Electricity: Divisible, Homogeneous and Desirable. Money: Divisible, Homogeneous, Undesirable. The Dividers. The Preferences. The Procedure. The Truth.

Introduction. Game Theory as a tool for DSM. Related Works. DSM Control System Model. Performance Demonstration. Summary.

Subscribers Appliances Hours

Example:

Total Daily Cost = 86.47$ Without Algorithm

Total Daily Cost = 53.81$ With Algorithm

Aggregate Load and Generation:

Is Real-Time Pricing really works? What's the connection between the calculated values to the real ones? Is utility function intuitively characterizing the consumer preferences? Is the algorithm can implement practical? Is coupling between subscribers is fair?

Introduction. Game Theory as a tool for DSM. Related Works. DSM Control System Model. Performance Demonstration. Summary.

Control System Model for Demand-Side Management in Smart Grid Using Game Theory. The Model should include: Practical Consumer Characterization Method. An Algorithm for Fair Consumption Allocation. An Energy Consumption Controller.

Limited Energy Source Power Line LAN ECC 1 ECC 2 ECC n

Fair Division Allocation ECC Home Consumption Measure Err Actual Consumption + - Computed Consumption Measured Consumption

CBR - Constant Bit Rate STM CBR VBR ABR UBR CBR - Constant Bit Rate VBR - Variable Bit Rate ABR - Available Bit Rate UBR – Unspecified Bit Rate ATM Synchronous Transfer Mode Vs. Asynchronous Transfer Mode

CCR – Constant Consumption Rate ACR – Available Consumption Rate UCR – Unspecified Consumption Rate

ECC A1A1 SupplyMeasure A2A2 SupplyMeasure AnAn SupplyMeasure Consumer Characterization Parameters Energy Consumption Control Source Measurement

Introduction. Game Theory as a tool for DSM. Related Works. DSM Control System Model. Performance Demonstration. Summary.

Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Lighting 0.2CCR Lighting 0.15CCR Refrigerator 0.3CCR Refrigerator 0.35CCR Washing Machine 1.2CCR Microwave 0.8CCR Dishwasher 0.8CCR Boiler 0.8ACR Boiler 0.8ACR Electric Kettle 0.9ACR Electric Kettle 1.5ACR Radiator 0.4UCR Under-floor Heating 0.4UCR Mini Bar 0.1UCR Toaster 0.8UCR Total Shared Resource Capacity: 4.5kW

Criterion Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Total AllocationUtilityAllocationUtilityAllocationUtility Proportional ( 2957W ) ( 1543W ) ( 4500W ) Equitable ( 2011W ) ( 2489W ) ( 4500W ) Utilitarian 0.71 ( 3195W ) ( 1305W ) ( 4500W ) 0.956

Total Consumption With Algorithm:

Total Consumption Without Algorithm:

Subscriber 1 appliances

Subscriber 2 appliances

Introduction. Game Theory as a tool for DSM. Related Works. DSM Control System Model. Performance Demonstration.Summary.

We study relevant Game Theory tools for DSM. We proposed the Asynchronous Consumption Method. We proposed practical, simple and intuitive consumer characterization. We used the fair division method to make a fair allocation of the shared resource. We emphasize the need for well-design price profile to motivate truthfulness. We proposed a closed loop system model for consumption management.

Thanks for listening Eran Salfati and Prof. Raul Rabinovici