{ Persia Part 1

Bellwork—Define Terms Sehtar: a four stringed instrument with a pear-shaped body tar: a six stringed instrument, similar to the guitar kamanchay: a spiked fiddle santur: a modern zither naya vertical flute

Outcomes  Grammar: Learn basic facts about Persian Music  Logic: Weave a Persian carpet

Announcements  Test on Persian Music Tuesday, February 4 th.  Reading #17 due Tuesday, January 28 th.

Sehtar

Tar

Kamanchay- Kalhor video

Santur

Nay

Pre-Knowledge Name as many middle-eastern countries as possible What religion is practiced there? Is there a difference between Arabic and Islamic peoples? What is the holy book of Islam? What is the climate like? What country exists in the region formerly known as Persia? Name the two groups of people at war in Iraq.

  Most Persian music is essentially religious in spirit The Sufis, an Islamic sect, believe that music is one of the only ways a person can attain union with God   Persian classical music is performed by small groups/soloists and is quiet and meditative.   Orginally, Persian music was performed in private residences, not on the public stage.   The spirit of Persian music is sad, mystical and lonely Guided Goats

The Sleeping Gypsy

Active Listening #1: Chahar Mezrab  What technique does Shariar employ on the first two notes of the song?  What is the name of this instrument?  What American instrument is similar to this?  This could have been the ancestor of which instrument?

  A chahar mezrab is a fast tempo piece written for an instrumental virtuoso.   The santur has 72 strings, there are four strings of identical pitch: 18 four stringed groups. Listening #1: Chahar Mezrab Just the Facts

 Answer the following Questions CFU: Whiteboards

 What is a tar? Q1

  This is a fast tempo piece written for an instrumental virtuoso. Q2

 How many strings does a santur have? Q3

 Most Persian music is essentially what? Q4

Persian Carpets-Video

Persian weavers Lullaby

CFU: Make your own Persian Carpet  Draw a design for your carpet  Take a loom and begin weaving your own miniature Persian Carpet.  Choose the color thread you want

Islam took a cautious and restrictive attitude towards music because music at the time was associated with unwholesome activities.   One of the biggest differences between Shi’a and Sunni Islam is that: Shi’a Islam is more intense, stricter and intensely devoted.   Persian music is monophonic, although chords are used occasionally and pedal tones held throughout   In the 9 th century music was considered a science and studied along with, arithmetic, astronomy and geometry. Guiding Goats

Map Quest ID: Iran, Tehran, Turkey, Iraq, Saudi Arabia

CFU: A brief timeline, Memory Game

1. Ancient Achaemenid 6 th to 4 th BC 1. Ancient Achaemenid 6 th to 4 th BC 4. Medieval Islamic Conquest 7 th to 10th 4. Medieval Islamic Conquest 7 th to 10th 6. Renaissance Safavid Kingdom 16 th to 18th 6. Renaissance Safavid Kingdom 16 th to 18th 5. Medieval Turks and Mongols 11 th - 15th 5. Medieval Turks and Mongols 11 th - 15th 3. Ancient Sassanian 3 rd to 7th 3. Ancient Sassanian 3 rd to 7th 2. Ancient Greek Conquest 4 th BC- 2 nd AD 2. Ancient Greek Conquest 4 th BC- 2 nd AD 3. Ancient Sassanian 3 rd to 7th 3. Ancient Sassanian 3 rd to 7th 4. Medieval Islamic Conquest 7 th to 10th 4. Medieval Islamic Conquest 7 th to 10th 7. Modern Western Influence 19 th -20 th 7. Modern Western Influence 19 th -20 th 2. Ancient Greek Conquest 4 th BC- 2 nd AD 2. Ancient Greek Conquest 4 th BC- 2 nd AD 6. Renaissance Safavid Kingdom 16 th to 18th 6. Renaissance Safavid Kingdom 16 th to 18th THIS SQUARE IS POINTLESS 5. Medieval Turks and Mongols 11 th - 15th 5. Medieval Turks and Mongols 11 th - 15th 1. Ancient Achaemenid 6 th -- 4 th BC 1. Ancient Achaemenid 6 th -- 4 th BC 7. Modern Western Influence 19 th -20 th 7. Modern Western Influence 19 th -20 th

 What instruments do you hear—describe what could be their Western equivalents.  Is the instrumental accompaniment monophonic or polyphonic?  What Chinese ensemble has a similar instrumental style? Active Listening #2: Shajarian Tasnif

 A tasnif is a popular song, or ballad.  This type of song is more westernized and may be written in a major or minor mode instead of a dastgah. Listening #2: Shajarian Tasnif Just the Facts

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