Alexander the… Persian? Aim: To understand and assess Alexander’s decision to adopt more and more Persian customs. Content quiz on the next slide!

1)Which city did Mazaeus surrender to Alexander? 2)Name 2 other cities Alexander captured. 3)What happened to Darius’ Palace? 4)How were Macedonian Kings supposed to act? 5)How were Persian kings to be regarded? 6)Give 2 ways Alexander tried implementing the ‘Policy of Fusion’/ 7)Who planned to kill Alexander in 330BC? 8)Who did Cebalinus tell about the plot? 9) What did they do about the plot? 10) What happened to Philotas? 11) What happened to Parmenio? 12) Give one reason why 13) Who did Alexander promote? 14) Who betrayed Darius? 15) What kind of chains did they put him in? 16) What did Bessus declare himself?

1)Babylon 2)Susa, Persepolis. 3)Pillaged (and burned) 4)‘First amongst equals’ 5)The King of Kings 6)Macedonians in Persian dress, using Persian Straps, Marrying Macedonians and Persians, Adopting Persian cultural practices. 7)Dimnus 8)Philotas 9) Nothing 10) Stoned to death 11) Murdered/ Assassinated 12) Popular with the army, feared revenge, he opposed the policy of fusion, to protect his own life. 13) Hephaestion 14) Bessus (and Nabarazanes) 15) Golden chains? 16) King Artaxerxes

Things get a bit ‘sticky’ Can we come up with 3 examples to illustrate growing problems in the Macedonian high command? 1)___________________ 2)___________________ 3)___________________

Problems with the Policy of Fusion As Alexander captured more (and grander) Persian cities, he began changing his manner and appearance. This Policy of fusion was intended to establish his empire. It didn’t go down well with everyone. Task: Look at the various changes Alexander introduced. SPECIFIC Macedonian troops Persian subjects Briefly jot down SPECIFIC reactions of his Macedonian troops and new Persian subjects.

Review Are Alexander's actions likely to A) Bring unity to his empire? B) Create problems with his high command? Make sure you have a reason for your answer

Another Persian custom Darius’s murder made Alexander the legitimate king of Persia. It was Persian custom for the new king to avenge the death of the old one. Hindu KushBactria Alexander gathers his army and sets off in pursuit of Bessus, across the Hindu Kush into Bactria What do you think Alexander’s army/ companions felt about this new campaign? Why would they feel conflicted?

The campaign Bessus (like Darius) was turned on by his followers and given to Alexander. He was sent to Ecbatana to be executed. Alexander then spent B.C. trying to bring Persian frontiers under control. He established new Alexandria’s to stamp his authority. Many local leaders saw this Greek influence as a threat and were difficult to subdue.

Plenary: His later campaigns Do we see Alexander return to his ‘old form’ in the campaigns across the Hindu Kush? Consider: Consider: His pursuit of Bessus/ duty as King of Persia Greek domination of Persian cities Establishing (Greek) cities in the east The Macedonia army is ‘up for a scrap’ again

Homework: The Sogdian Rock The Sogdian rock was a powerful Persian Stronghold (for obvious reasons) Read the extract from Arrian and answer the relevant questions.