Listen to the different plans for peace in Palestine. Which one do you think is best? Tell me the plan and explain why you like it. 1 What will we learn today? Nationalism in the Middle East; the Holocaust’s affect on world opinion for a Jewish state. Unit: Modern World History

Bring your laptop next class! 2 What will we learn today? Nationalism in the Middle East; the Holocaust’s affect on world opinion for a Jewish state.

Assignment: Iraq and the Persian Gulf War

A Brief History of Iran  Iran was a major oil supplier and in danger of becoming communist in the 1950s.  In 1953, the United States CIA helped stage a coup in Iran replacing their leader with a pro-American, the Shah.  Although he helped westernize the country, Iranians hated him and (as a result) hated the United States.

A Brief History of Iran  In 1979, Iran overthrew the Shah and replaced him with the anti-American Ayatollah Khomeini.  Since our coup in 1953, Iran has great dislike for the US.  This continues today with their current leader,

A Brief History of Iran  Since the US coup in 1953, Iran has great dislike for the US.  This continues today with their current leader, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

Iraq The Presidents – George Bush

Iraq

US Supports Iraq  Iraq fought an eight year war with Iran in the 1980’s  During the war, the US supported Saddam Hussein due to our new problems with Iran.

Before the War  Iraq’s War with Iran had really hurt the country economically.  Saddam Hussein hoped to financially recover through oil sales.

Persian Gulf War America’s First Mission In Iraq

The Spark  Saddam Hussein called on Kuwait to cut back on oil production to raise petroleum prices  When they refused, he responded by invading Kuwait, attempting to take their oil.

The Implications  If successful, Saddam Hussein would dominate the world’s petroleum market  This control over oil prices could command the world’s economies

The Implications  In addition to economic concerns, President George H.W. Bush stressed the moral opposition to appeasing to an aggressor after The Cold War

International Response  The United States a coalition of 34 nations to confront the Iraqis  Coalition forces began building up in Saudi Arabia to prevent an Iraqi move into the Arabian Peninsula

The Air Battle  Air raids began on January 17, 1991  Over 100,000 attack flights launched from Saudi Arabia and six aircraft carriers in the Persian Gulf  Air strikes dismantled major military, government, and infrastructure targets

The Ground Battle  On February 24th, Coalition ground forces began their advance  Within 100 hours of entering, a cease- fire had been declared on February 27th

Persian Gulf War (aka Desert Storm)  No TV cameras for this war.  Great success for USA; Finally! A popular war the American people could get behind

The Aftermath  The Coalition stopped short of continuing to Baghdad and ousting Hussein’s government.  The human and long range cost of taking out Saddam was considered too great to American leaders at the time.

The Aftermath  The treaty created flight restrictions to protect minority populations from the Iraqi military  American and British Air Forces patrolled northern and southern Iraq known for Kurdish & Shia Muslim settlements

Other Attacks  Iraq refused to cooperate after the war, requiring other interventions in the ‘90s  In 1998, the United States and Britain bombed Baghdad for four days when Iraq would not cooperate with UN inspections.  The attacks aimed to to degrade Iraq’s ability to create weapons

Summary  The United States has a prior history with Iraq which has a direct link to our current war  In previous military operations, our military has stopped short of conquering the country in fear of the aftermath  Iraq never fully recovered from the war, but continued to resist cooperation with the United Nations

Assignment Desert Storm Handout