Entomology 401 Identifying Friends and Foes. Insect biodiversity accounts for a large proportion of all biodiversity on the planet, with over 1,000,000.

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Presentation transcript:

Entomology 401 Identifying Friends and Foes

Insect biodiversity accounts for a large proportion of all biodiversity on the planet, with over 1,000,000 insect species described.

Pests Any living organisms which are detrimental, troublesome, noxious, destructive, a nuisance to either plants or animals, human or human concerns, livestock, human structures, wild ecosystems, etc. Beneficials -Food production In the United States alone, pollination by bees accounts for over US$9 billion of economic revenue -Ecological services -Products: honey, shellac, dyes, silk E.g. Honey bee, silk worm Predators: Minute pirate bug, Assassin bug, Damsel bug, Green lacewing, Ladybug

Herbivores: Feeds upon living plant material Predator: An animal that feeds upon other animals (prey) that are either smaller or weaker than itself

Those with chewing mouthparts: simply chew up and swallow their victims Herbivores: grasshopper, green clover worm, army worm, etc. Predators: ladybugs, ground beetles, preying mantis, etc. Those with piercing sucking mouthparts: stick the mouthpart into prey and suck out the body content Herbivores: redbanded stink bug, aphids, white flies Predators: assassin bug, lacewing larvae, syrphid larvae

Chewing Pests

Coleoptera (head)

Cotton Boll Worm

Grasshopper

Boll Damage Adult Boll Weevil Feeding

Cabbage Looper

Tiger beetles ger-beetle.html

Hymenoptera : Formicidae

Ladybug

Dragon Fly

Piercing-Sucking & Rasping Pests

Hemiptera (piercing and sucking mouthparts)

Order Hemiptera

WhitefliesThrips Spider Mites

Lygus Bugs Stink Bugs

Damsel bug

Robber fly They have extremely sharp eyesight and can fly at high speed, catching other insects in mid air. They have stabbing mouthparts (proboscis) which inject a powerful neurotoxic venom and digestive juices into the victim, liquifying its innards, which the fly sucks afterwards.

Robber Fly

Assassin bug

Minute Pirate Bug Bigeyed Bug Nymph

Predatory stink bugs

Green Lacewing

Mantodea : Mantidae Gonatista sp Stagmomantis sp. Tenodera sp.

Mantodea (thorax) raptorial foreleg

Hymenoptera : Braconidae

Hymenopteran Parasitoids Platygastrid wasp

Parasitoid Eggs

Hymenoptera (biology/ecology)

Syrphid Fly