Unit 5 “How Rapid Change After the Civil War Left Some With More Change Than Others” We are going to analyze how industrial growth led to both wealth and to new problems. We will also look at the reform movements that tried to solve these new problems.

After the Civil War the United States Experienced: 1. Industrial Growth 2. Rapid Westward Expansion 3. Waves of “New Immigration” 4. Technological Innovation

SSUSH11 The student will describe the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction. a. Explain the impact of the railroads on other industries, such as steel, and on the organization of big business. b. Describe the impact of the railroads in the development of the West; include the transcontinental railroad, and the use of Chinese labor. c. Identify John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company and the rise of trusts and monopolies. d. Describe the inventions of Thomas Edison; include the electric light bulb, motion pictures, and the phonograph, and their impact on American life. a. Explain the impact of the railroads on other industries, such as steel, and on the organization of big business. b. Describe the impact of the railroads in the development of the West; include the transcontinental railroad, and the use of Chinese labor. c. Identify John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company and the rise of trusts and monopolies. d. Describe the inventions of Thomas Edison; include the electric light bulb, motion pictures, and the phonograph, and their impact on American life.

Big Business- large powerful companies that have enough power to influence government and manipulate the market Technological Innovations- new inventions or changes to existing technology

The Impact of Railroads

 As railroads expanded the demand for steel went up making people like Andrew Carnegie filthy rich.  Big business worked with the railroad companies to control the market  People and products moved West at a rapid pace.  As railroads expanded the demand for steel went up making people like Andrew Carnegie filthy rich.  Big business worked with the railroad companies to control the market  People and products moved West at a rapid pace.

Andrew Carnegie

Big Business Gains Power Companies controlled or colluded with the railroad companies to control prices Monopoly-when one company controls a market Trust-when companies work together to control a market Companies controlled or colluded with the railroad companies to control prices Monopoly-when one company controls a market Trust-when companies work together to control a market

Railroads Bring Domestic Change  The Transcontinental Railroad - connected the east and west coast  Beef becomes widely available - cattle cars and refrigerated cares make beef widely available for the first time  Chinese Immigration - along with the Irish the Chinese help build the Western r.r. system  The Transcontinental Railroad - connected the east and west coast  Beef becomes widely available - cattle cars and refrigerated cares make beef widely available for the first time  Chinese Immigration - along with the Irish the Chinese help build the Western r.r. system

Transcontinental railroad

Refrigerated Rail-Car

Chinese Labor The desire for cheap labor caused the railroads to recruit Chinese immigrants to help build the railroads. Many Americans resented the fact that the Chinese would work for lower wages. The desire for cheap labor caused the railroads to recruit Chinese immigrants to help build the railroads. Many Americans resented the fact that the Chinese would work for lower wages.

Chinese Labor

Chinese labor

John D. Rockefeller Founder of the Standard Oil Company Relatively speaking he is one of the richest men in history He is considered the epitome (best example) of a “crooked business man” Standard Oil monopolized the oil industry and also formed a powerful trust Founder of the Standard Oil Company Relatively speaking he is one of the richest men in history He is considered the epitome (best example) of a “crooked business man” Standard Oil monopolized the oil industry and also formed a powerful trust

John D. Rockefeller

Standard Oil Company

Trusts

Thomas Edison  Considered by many to be the greatest inventor of the modern era  Patented over 1000 inventions  His inventions revolutionize American Culture  Considered by many to be the greatest inventor of the modern era  Patented over 1000 inventions  His inventions revolutionize American Culture

Thomas Edison

The Impact of the Electric Light Bulb  Created the “24 hour day”: factories run shifts and large cities engage in business non-stop  Relieved reliance on whale oil  Interferes with natural sleep cycle: non- industrialized nations don’t have high rates of insomnia!  Created the “24 hour day”: factories run shifts and large cities engage in business non-stop  Relieved reliance on whale oil  Interferes with natural sleep cycle: non- industrialized nations don’t have high rates of insomnia!

Light bulb

Motion Pictures  Created entertainment culture  Helped spread music and fashions rapidly  Caused a moral backlash over the content and purpose of the new medium  Created entertainment culture  Helped spread music and fashions rapidly  Caused a moral backlash over the content and purpose of the new medium

Motion pictures

The Phonograph  First method for recording and mass producing music  Like motion pictures it contributed to a culture of entertainment and helped spread culture rapidly  Many historians believe that the phonograph is responsible for many styles of music because musicians from various regions were influenced by other musical styles  First method for recording and mass producing music  Like motion pictures it contributed to a culture of entertainment and helped spread culture rapidly  Many historians believe that the phonograph is responsible for many styles of music because musicians from various regions were influenced by other musical styles

Phonograph

QUIZ TIME!!!!

1. What does the title of this unit mean?  That the Civil War caused widespread plagues.  That economic growth caused some to become rich while other experienced poverty.  That industrial growth is bad and causes many problems that can’t be fixed.  That the Civil War caused widespread plagues.  That economic growth caused some to become rich while other experienced poverty.  That industrial growth is bad and causes many problems that can’t be fixed.

2.One characteristic of “big business” is:  Influence on government  Trying to help its competitors  Trying to pass laws preventing monopolies  Influence on government  Trying to help its competitors  Trying to pass laws preventing monopolies

3. A new method of producing steel which is cheaper and safer would be considered:  Collaboration  Scientific Acceleration  Technological Innovation  Collaboration  Scientific Acceleration  Technological Innovation

4. Which of the following had the greatest impact on the growth of the Western States?  Indian Wars  Railroads  Low Property Taxes  Indian Wars  Railroads  Low Property Taxes

5. The quote “the grand project was finished with a golden spike” is related too:  The completion of the trans-continental railroad  The completion of the first oil well  Striking gold in California  The completion of the trans-continental railroad  The completion of the first oil well  Striking gold in California

6. Which of the following would have been the result of the backlash against the growing numbers of Chinese immigrants in the late 19th century?  The Chinese Inclusion Act  The Chinese Exclusion Act  The Chinese Innovation Act  The Chinese Inclusion Act  The Chinese Exclusion Act  The Chinese Innovation Act

7. Wrestling is to football as:  Monopoly is to trust  Trust is to monopoly  What does this have to do with American History? (I promise this is the wrong answer)  Monopoly is to trust  Trust is to monopoly  What does this have to do with American History? (I promise this is the wrong answer)

8. Coach Green is to U.S. History as:  J.D. Rockefeller is to charitable business practices  J.D. Rockefeller is to business competition  J.D. Rockefeller is to liberal business practices  J.D. Rockefeller is to charitable business practices  J.D. Rockefeller is to business competition  J.D. Rockefeller is to liberal business practices

9. Thomas Edison’s inventions:  Increased the rate at which cultural diffusion occurred  Created a culture of entertainment  Helped create the concept of a national celebrity  Increased the rate at which cultural diffusion occurred  Created a culture of entertainment  Helped create the concept of a national celebrity

10. Social Darwinism is related too:  Socialism  Capitalism  Communism  Socialism  Capitalism  Communism