UNDERSTANDING FRBR AND FRAD IN RDA Presentation by Alison Hitchens For CASLIS, March 24, 2011, Peterborough, ON Functional requirements for bibliographic records Functional requirements for authority data Resource description and access

Acknowledgements  Thank you to Barbara Tillett (Library of Congress) and Thomas Brenndorfer (Guelph Public Library) for generously letting me borrow many slides rather than re-invent the wheel 2 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

User: I ‘m trying to find Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince… Fiction Finder groups results under a work record with author, title and subject information Fiction Finder is a product of OCLC Research 3 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

User: I want to read Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince in Spanish There is more than one language choice There is more than one format Fiction finder allows you to choose an expression Fiction Finder is a product of OCLC Research 4 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

User: I want to read it in paperback These attributes belong to the manifestation and allow the user to select the paperback Fiction Finder is a product of OCLC Research 5 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

User: Where can I get a copy? This information relates to the item, the actual physical copy that the user is going to read. It allows the user to obtain the resource Source of image: OCLC WorldCat 6 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

What is FRBR?  A generalized representation of the bibliographic universe using an entity-relationship model  The model includes  User tasks (find, identify, select, obtain)  Three groups of entities (the things that make up the universe)  Characteristics of the entities (attributes/elements)  Relationships among entities 7 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

FRBR’s Entity-Relationship Model created ShakespeareHamlet was created by Person Work Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 8 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

FRBR Entities Group 1: Products of intellectual & artistic endeavor = bibliographic resources  Work  Expression  Manifestation  Item Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 9 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Expression Manifestation Item Work Physical - recording of content Intellectual/ artistic content is realized through is embodied in is exemplified by Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 10 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Elements to Describe Resources  Work  ID  Title  Date  etc.  Expression  ID  Form  Date  Language  etc.  Manifestation  ID  Title  Statement of responsibility  Edition  Imprint (place, publisher, date)  Form/extent of carrier  Terms of availability  Mode of access  etc.  Item  ID  Provenance  Location  etc. Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 11 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

FRBR Entities Group 2: Those responsible for the intellectual & artistic content = Parties  Person  Corporate body  Family Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 12 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Work Expression Manifestation Item Group 2 many is owned by is produced by is realized by is created by Person Corporate Body Family Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 13 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Subject Relationship WorkPerson Created by Creates Concept/Topic has subject is subject of Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 14 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

FRBR Entities Group 3: Subjects of works  Groups 1 & 2 plus  Concept  Object  Event  Place  Subject relationship Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 15 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Pathways to Related Works Hamlet Stockholm 2008 English Swedish French German Shakespeare Library of Congress Copy 1 Green leather binding Romeo and Juliet Stoppard Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead Text Movies … Derivative works Subject Source: Barbara Tillett (July 2009) 16

What is FRAD?  Functional Requirements for Authority Data (2009)  IFLA Working Group on Functional Requirements and Numbering of Authority Records (FRANAR)  extension and expansion of FRBR model to the kind of data that supports authority control  User tasks  Find  Identify  Contextualize (Clarify)  Justify (Understand) 17 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

FRAD model Entities:  FRBR entities  Name  Identifier  Controlled access point  Rules  Agency 18 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Example FRAD Attributes  dates  place of birth  field of activity  affiliation  language  gender  name string  scope of usage  dates of usage  language  script Person Name 19 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Using attributes to enhance displays AACR2 Tremblay, Michel, Occupation: writer Tremblay, Michel, Field of Activity: pin collector Tremblay, Michel, Occupation: photographer Tremblay, Michel, Affiliation: HEC Montréal Tremblay, Michel, Associated Place: Saskatchewan Affiliation: Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food RDA/FRAD Tremblay, Michel, Occupation: writer Tremblay, Michel, Field of Activity: pin collector Tremblay, Michel, Occupation: photographer Tremblay, Michel, Affiliation: HEC Montréal Tremblay, Michel, Associated Place: Saskatchewan Affiliation: Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Source: Laura May (Feb. 2010) 20 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

RDA in 10 Easy Steps By Thomas Brenndorfer Guelph Public Library (slightly modified by Alison Hitchens) Source: Brenndorfer, Thomas. The FRBR-RDA Puzzle: Putting the Pieces Together. Presented at the OLA Super Conference 2011, RDA Pre-Conference Session, Feb. 2, Used with permission. 21 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Record the things that help people identify the book. RDA Chapter 2, with Chapter 1 Title proper Other title information Variant titles Statement of responsibility Edition statement Publication Statement (Place of publication, Publisher’s Name, Date of publication) Copyright date Series statement Identifier for the manifestation (ISBN) Related notes 22 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

2. Look at the physical book again Record the physical characteristics that help people in selecting this particular book. RDA Chapter 3, with Chapter 1 Media type Carrier type Extent Dimensions Font size Related notes 23 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

3. Consider the book in terms of acquisitions and access Record the things that affect people in obtaining the book. RDA Chapter 4, with Chapter 1 Terms of availability (price) Contact information Restrictions on access Restrictions on use Uniform Resource Locator (URL) 24 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

4. Consider the content of the book Record the things that help people identify the content in the book. RDA Chapter 6, with Chapter 5 Preferred title for the work Form of work Date of work Content Type Language of expression Identifiers (for the work and for the expression) Authorized Access Point 25 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

5. Consider the content of the book again Record the content characteristics that would help people in selecting this particular book. RDA Chapter 7, with Chapter 5 Coverage of the content Intended audience Summarization of the content Language of the content Illustrative content Supplementary content (index, bibliography) Colour content 26 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

6. Consider the persons, families and corporate bodies associated with the book. Record the things that help people identify a person/family/corporate body. RDA Chapters 9, 10, 11, with Chapter 8 Preferred name for the person Variant name for the person Date of birth Fuller form of name Gender Place of residence Language of the person Profession or occupation Authorized Access Point Identifier for the person 27 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Identifying a Person RDA ElementData Preferred name for the personMunro, Alice Variant name for the personLaidlaw, Alice Ann Date of birth1931 Genderfemale Place of birthWingham, Ont. Country associated with the personCanada Place of residenceClinton, Ont. Language of the personEnglish Profession or occupationShort-story writer Identifier for the personLAC control number: 0101J7510 Status of identificationfully established Authorized Access Point: Munro, Alice, Variant Access Point: Laidlaw, Alice Ann, Source: 28 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

7. Show primary relationships between work, expression, manifestation and item in the book Help people find all resources that embody the particular works and expressions in the book, and all items exemplified by the manifestation. RDA Chapter 17 Methods for showing primary relationships: Identifiers (work, expression, manifestation, item) Authorized Access Points (work, expression) Composite Description (work, expression, manifestation, item) 29 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Tolkien, J.R.R. (John Ronald Reuel), The hobbit is the “work manifested” 100 1_ $a Tolkien, J. R. R. $q (John Ronald Reuel), $d ,$e author $a The hobbit / $c J.R.R. Tolkien ; adapted by Bob Lewis. 260 __ $a St. Paul, Minnesota : $b HighBridge Company, $c [2001], ℗ __ $a 4 audio discs (4 hr., 30 min.) : $b digital ; $c 4 3/4 in. 336 __ $a spoken word $2 rdacontent 337 __ $a audio $2 rdamedia 338 __ $a audio disc $2 rdacarrier 30 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

8. Show relationships between work/expression/ manifestation/item and persons, families, corporate bodies. Help people find all resources associated with a particular person, family, or corporate body related to the book by recording those relationships. RDA Chapters 19, 20, 21, 22, with Chapter 18 Identifiers Authorized Access Points Relationship Designators 31 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Group 1 Entity Element (Group 2 Entity)Select Relationship Designators WorkCreatorauthor, composer, programmer Other Person, Family or Corporate Body Associated with a Work (including Legal Works and Religious Works) director, appellant, issuing body, plaintiff, producer, judge, honouree ExpressionContributorabridger, art director, editor, illustrator, performer, translator ManifestationProducer of an Unpublished Resource Publisherbroadcaster Distributorfilm distributor Manufacturerprinter, book designer Other Person, Family or Corporate Body Associated with a Manifestation ItemOwnercurrent owner, former owner Custodian Other Person, Family or Corporate Body Associated with an Item annotator, binder, curator, illuminator, dedicatee of item Group 1 and Group 2 Entities - Relationship Elements and Designators 32 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

9. Show relationships between work/expression/ manifestation/item & other works/expressions/manifestation/items Help people find works, expressions, manifestations, and items related to the book by recording those relationships. Help people understand relationships between two or more works, expressions, manifestations, or items. RDA Chapters 25, 26, 27, 28, with Chapter 24 Identifiers Authorized Access Points Structured or Unstructured descriptions Relationship Designators Source consulted notes Cataloguer’s notes Explanations of relationships 33 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Conventions for relationships between works and between expressions Related work: Tolkien, J.R.R. (John Ronald Reuel), Lord of the rings Relationship designator:parody of (work) 700 1_ $i parody of (work) $a Tolkien, J. R. R. $q (John Ronald Reuel), $d $t Lord of the rings Authorized access point: Related expression: The concise Oxford companion to Irish literature / edited by Robert Welch Relationship designator:abridged as (expression) 500 __ $a Abridged as: The concise Oxford companion to Irish literature / edited by Robert Welch. Structured description: 34 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Conventions for relationships between works, expressions, manifestations, and items Related work: Finding aid available in the repository and online. 555 __ $a Finding aid available in the repository and online. Related expression:Also available in a 45 min. abridged version. 500 __ $a Also available in a 45 min. abridged version. Related manifestation:Issued also in Blu-Ray Disc format. 530 __ $a Issued also in Blu-Ray Disc format. Related item: Library’s copy bound with 11 other songs. 500 __ $a Library’s copy bound with 11 other songs. 35 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

10. Show relationships between person/family/corporate body and other persons, families, and corporate bodies Help people find persons, families, and corporate bodies related to the person/family/corporate body associated with the book by recording those relationships. Help people understand relationships between two or more persons, families, or corporate bodies. RDA Chapters 30, 31, 32, with Chapter 29 Identifiers Authorized Access Points Relationship Designators Source consulted notes Cataloguer’s notes Explanations of relationships 36 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

FRBR and FRAD in RDA  each chapter records data associated with a particular user task  uses the vocabulary and concepts of FRBR and FRAD  organized according to the entities identified in FRBR and FRAD  explicit explanation of the relation between the instructions and the user tasks  emphasis on relationships and on clarifying the nature of the relationships Source: Laura May (Feb. 2010) 37 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

RDA Structure: comparison with AACR2  Chapter 1: General rules for description  Chapter 2: Books, pamphlets and printed sheets  Chapter 3: Cartographic materials  Chapter 4: Manuscripts  Chapter 5: Music  Chapter 6: Sound recordings  Chapter 7: Motion pictures and videorecordings  Chapter 8: Graphic materials  Chapter 9: Electronic resources  Chapter 10: Three-dimensional artefacts and realia  Chapter 11: Microforms  Chapter 12: Continuing resources  Chapter 13: Analysis  Section 1: Recording attributes of manifestation and item  1: General guidelines on recording attributes of manifestations and items  2: Identifying manifestations and items  3: Describing carriers  4: Providing acquisition and access information  Section 2: Recording attributes of work and expression  5: General guidelines on recording attributes of works and expressions  6: Identifying works and expressions  7: Describing content AACR2 part IRDA sections 1 & 2 38 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Questions? Contact: Alison Hitchens Cataloguing & Metadata Librarian University of Waterloo Library 39 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

References and Resources 40 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Brenndorfer, Thomas. “The FRBR-RDA Puzzle: Putting the Pieces Together,” (PowerPoint presentation presented at the OLA Super Conference 2011, RDA Pre-Conference Session, Feb. 2, 2011), dorfer_2011.pptx (accessed March 16, 2011) dorfer_2011.pptx IFLA Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: Final Report. UBCIM Publications, New series vol. 19 (Munchen: Saur, 1998), (accessed March 19, 2011) CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

IFLA Working Group on Functional Requirements and Numbering of Authority Records, Functional Requirements for Authority Data: a Conceptual Model. IFLA Series on Bibliographic Control 34 (Munchen: Saur, 2009). May, Laura, "Making way for RDA," (PowerPoint presentation presented at Ottawa Public Library, Ottawa, Ont., February 2010). Received directly from the author. OCLC Research, "FictionFinder beta," (accessed March 3, 2010; temporarily unavailable) CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011

Tillett, Barbara B., "FRBR," (PowerPoint presentation presented at ALA Annual Conference, July 10, 2009), 009Julyrev2.ppt (accessed March 3, 2010) Julyrev2.ppt Tillett, Barbara B., "RDA: Changes from AACR2 for Texts," (PowerPoint presentation from Webinar "LC Digital Futures and You", January 12, 2010). Received directly from the author. 43 CASLIS | Hitchens | March 2011