Bell Ringer 26/27 What do all these characters have in common? Make a list of their characteristics. (List 10 commonalities)

Bell ringer 28/29 Using the first letters of the first names of your group members, create as many phrases with the acronym as you can. The group that has the most words will win points for their team. Example: Angela, Tonya, Eileen, Margaret, Lynn Living At Mom’s Eating Tomatoes YOU WILL ONLY HAVE 5 MINUTES TO DO THIS!!! Now, your task is to come up with a creative group name, and write it on the top half of your group folder. Then, think of a symbol (unique or common) that describes your group’s goals or dynamics. Draw that on the bottom half. Be prepared to share.

Bell Ringer- Jan 20-Feb 2 Two dozen four-wheeled wagons, with heaving wagon teams, could not have stirred the tonnage of that rock from where he wedged it. Bell Ringer- Jan 20-Feb 2 Give students 3-4 minutes to copy the sentence on their own paper. Make sure they skip lines. Then instruct them to begin labeling each word with its part of speech. The next slide is a review slide, so feel free to let kids see that while they check their memories for those parts of speech. Copy the Above on your own paper Skipping lines. Label each word with its part of speech.

Noun: person, place, thing or idea word… object in a. sentence Noun: person, place, thing or idea word… object in a sentence (Sam, school, box, loyalty) Verb: Action word or stating existence (run, play, consider, ripen, is, have, do) Preposition: word showing relationship often by place or time (of, in, by, from, under, during) Pronoun: word replacing a noun (he, they, ourselves, her) Conjunction: word connecting words, phrases, or sentences (and, but, because, or, since) Adverb: word expressing how a verb is done (not, just, hardly) Adjective: describing a noun or other adjective (big, red, wet, silly, fizzy) Review Parts of Speech Give students a few minutes on this slide, wander the room and check for on task behavior. Remind them that this is going to be a big shot of grammar… but in a small dose. Sometimes it takes worksheets and worksheets to cover what we are going to talk about today, but this will just take a few minutes.

Two dozen four-wheeled wagons, with heaving wagon teams, could Adj. N(adj.) Adj. Adj. N Two dozen four-wheeled wagons, prep. Adj. Adj. N V with heaving wagon teams, could adv. V v adj.(art.) N prep adj. not have stirred the tonnage of that N prep. Conj. N(Pro) v N(pro) rock from where he wedged it. This is a good slide to note that sometimes we know a word as a certain part of speech, but it functions differently in a sentence. The word ‘that’ for example can be used as many parts of speech. Here it is describing which rock we are talking about. Another worthwhile couple of notes are that pronouns are essentially still nouns in function when they work in a sentences and many nouns and verbs can act like adjectives. (This is good to note as you prepare to teach phrases.) CHECK YOUR WORK.

Bell Ringer Feb 3/4 Copy down these three sentences: 1. Although scholars are not 100% sure his birthdate, they think he probably lived around 700 B.C. Homer’s two epic poems( The Iliad and The Odyssey) became the basic textbook for every young Greek Because the epic poems were originally told orally, it was monumental for Homer to put them into written form.

Independent and Dependent Clauses

Independent Clauses An independent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. An independent clause is a sentence: Odysseus fought in the Trojan War.

Dependent Clause A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. A dependent clause cannot be a sentence. Often a dependent clause is marked by a dependent marker word. After Odysseus fought in the Trojan War . . . (What happened after he fought? The thought is incomplete.)

Dependent Marker Word A dependent marker word is a word added to the beginning of an independent clause that makes it into a dependent clause. After Odysseus fought in the Trojan War, he set out on an epic journey.

Dependent Marker Word Some common dependent markers are: after, although, as, as if, because, before, even if, even though, if, in order to, since, though, unless, until, whatever, when, whenever, whether, and while.

Identify the Indep and Dep clauses Underline the Indep clauses and circle the Dep clauses 1. Although scholars are not 100% sure his birthdate, they think he probably lived around 700 B.C. Homer’s two epic poems( The Iliad and The Odyssey) became the basic textbook for every young Greek Because the epic poems were originally told orally, it was monumental for Homer to put them into written form.

Identify the Indep and Dep clauses Underline the Indep clauses and circle the Dep clauses 1. Although scholars are not 100% sure his birthdate, they think he probably lived around 700 B.C. Homer’s two epic poems( The Iliad and The Odyssey) became the basic textbook for every young Greek Because the epic poems were originally told orally, it was monumental for Homer to put them into written form.

Bell Ringer Feb 5/6 Get out a piece of paper and number it 1-10 for the quiz. Quiz a partner over the last 2 bell ringer mini-lessons.

Question 1 1. Odysseus has a hard time sticking to a diet; he really loves rich, sweet desserts. A. This sentence has two independent clauses. B. This sentence has one independent clause. C. This sentence has no independent clauses.

Question 2-4 In the following sentence identify the following parts of speech: The doctor told Charlie to lose weight and exercise vigorously for forty-five minutes 2 3 4 a day. A. Noun B. Verb C. Preposition D. Adverb

Question 5 Identify the conjunction in the sentence: Odysseus’ was the most influential strategist in winning the Trojan War because he was the A B genius behind the Trojan Horse. C D

Question 6 In the opening verses, Homer calls on who/whom? A. His mother B. His Father C. His Muse D. His god

Question 7 How many years has it been since Odysseus left the battlefields of the Trojan War? A. 9 B. 10 C. 8 D. 3

Question 8 Odysseus describes his childhood home of Ithaca and through those descriptions, we see: he wishes he could always be at sea he thinks other cities he’s visited are filled with more riches he can’t wait to bring back all he has earned in battle in order to improve it he says there was no place better for a boy’s training  

Question 9 After leaving Troy and sailing to Cicones, his men decide to stay on the coast overnight. As a result: they wait out the storm they are turned into swine they are ambushed by the inland fugitives they sacrifice cattle to the Sun God Helios

Question 10 What is the literary term for the section “Sailing from Troy”? A. Foreshadowing B. Flashback C. Irony D. Theme

Bell Ringer Feb 9/10 THINK- PAIR- SHARE How do you tell if a sentence is complex? It is the longest sentence. It has the most complicated words. It has 1 Independent clause and 1 or more dependent clauses connected with a subordinating conjunction. It has one independent clause.

Take Notes Sentence Types Simple 1 Independent Clause Compound 2 or more Independent Clauses Complex 1 Independent clause and 1 or more dependent clauses. Compound Complex 2 or more independent clauses and 1 or more dependent clauses.

chomp! chomp! This presentation is brought to you by Grammar Bytes!, ©2015 by Robin L. Simmons.

Coordination and Subordination Or would it be better to subordinate with because? Should I coordinate with for?

This presentation covers the differences between coordination and subordination and the relationship between clauses within a sentence.

A coordination and/or subordination item on an objective test might look like this . . .

Is the subordination effective at A, B, or C? Sample Item Jeremiah forgot to bring a pencil since he had to beg Amanda to borrow one of hers. Since Jeremiah forgot to bring a pencil, he had to beg Amanda to borrow one of hers. Even though Jeremiah forgot to bring a pencil, he had to beg Amanda to borrow one of hers. Jeremiah forgot to bring a pencil since he had to beg Amanda to borrow one of hers. Since Jeremiah forgot to bring a pencil, he had to beg Amanda to borrow one of hers. Even though Jeremiah forgot to bring a pencil, he had to beg Amanda to borrow one of hers. Subordinating the first clause with since, as option B does, is correct. Is the subordination effective at A, B, or C?

Compound Sentences =Coordinating conjunctions Coordination gives equal attention to two items. Use coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, yet, and so. The dog ate Marvin’s favorite tie, and the cat rubbed white hair on Marvin’s black suit. The dog ate Marvin’s favorite tie. The cat rubbed white hair on Marvin’s black suit. Both clauses could stand alone. When joined with and, they get equal attention.

You can also coordinate with a semicolon. Main clause main clause. + ; + Main clause transition main clause. + ; + + , + The interviewer had seven Persian cats; as a result, she would understand Marvin’s predicament. The interviewer had seven Persian cats. She would understand Marvin’s predicament. The interviewer had seven Persian cats; she would understand Marvin’s predicament. Still balanced.

Complex sentences = Subordinating conjunctions Subordination gives less attention to one idea so that the other has emphasis. Use subordinate conjunctions, such as because, even though, and when. Since Marvin tried to clean his suit, he was late to the interview. Marvin tried to clean his suit. He was late to the interview. I’m sorry.

Here are the subordinate conjunctions. after although as because before even though if, even if in order that once provided that since so [that implied], so that than that though unless when, whenever where, wherever, whereas whether while

Use a comma if you subordinate the first of the two clauses. Subordinate clause main clause. + , + Even though cat hair clung to Marvin’s pant legs, he still got the job. Cat hair clung to Marvin’s pant legs. He still got the job. The second clause has more emphasis because its thought is complete. The first clause is less important.

Use no punctuation if you subordinate the second of the two clauses. Main clause subordinate clause. + Ø + Marvin smiled at his success as cat hair wafted in his wake. Marvin smiled at his success. Cat hair wafted in his wake. The second clause has less emphasis because its thought is incomplete. Now the first clause is the most important.

Quick Test, Part 1 Directions: In the items that follow, choose the most effective word or phrase within the context suggested by the sentence(s). Show me what you know!

Item 1 To impress Deepa, his date, Ryan labored over the chicken stir fry; __________, she took offense that he was serving meat after she had explained her vegetarianism. furthermore moreover however additionally To impress Deepa, his date, Ryan labored over the chicken stir fry; __________, she took offense that he was serving meat after she had explained her vegetarianism. furthermore moreover however additionally

Item 2 __________ Thomas scores a 100 on the final exam, he cannot pass College Algebra, a class he is taking for the third time. Because Since As a result, Unless __________ Thomas scores a 100 on the final exam, he cannot pass College Algebra, a class he is taking for the third time. Because Since As a result, Unless

Item 3 The Rodriguez family breathed a sigh of relief when the giant oak withstood the hurricane winds; __________, they gave thanks that crews restored electricity in twelve short hours. as a result moreover however on the other hand The Rodriguez family breathed a sigh of relief when the giant oak withstood the hurricane winds; __________, they gave thanks that crews restored electricity in twelve short hours. as a result moreover however on the other hand

Item 4 Mackenzie’s clarinet squealed like a startled puppy, __________ she hadn’t practiced in weeks. because for since unless Mackenzie’s clarinet squealed like a startled puppy, __________ she hadn’t practiced in weeks. because for since unless

Item 5 __________ Grandma tasted the spaghetti sauce, she declared that it needed more basil and salt. Unless Although Whereas After __________ Grandma tasted the spaghetti sauce, she declared that it needed more basil and salt. Unless Although Whereas After

Quick Test, Part 2 Directions: In the items that follow, choose the sentence that expresses the thought most clearly and effectively and that has no errors in structure. Now try this type!

Item 6 We decided to skip breakfast, for a spider crawled out of the cereal box. We decided to skip breakfast, and a spider crawled out of the cereal box. We decided to skip breakfast, so a spider crawled out of the cereal box. We decided to skip breakfast, for a spider crawled out of the cereal box. We decided to skip breakfast, and a spider crawled out of the cereal box. We decided to skip breakfast, so a spider crawled out of the cereal box.

Item 7 Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner so that we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym. Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner because we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym. Although Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner, we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym. Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner so that we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym. Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner because we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym. Although Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner, we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym.

Item 8 Even though Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden retriever. Unless Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden retriever. Since Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden retriever. Even though Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden retriever. Unless Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden retriever. Since Hank vacuumed the rental car, he failed to remove all the hair of Bonkers, his golden retriever.

Item 9 Bonkers retrieves anything round, but put away those CDs if you don’t want teeth marks in them. Bonkers retrieves anything round, and put away those CDs if you don’t want teeth marks in them. Bonkers retrieves anything round, so put away those CDs if you don’t want teeth marks in them. Bonkers retrieves anything round, but put away those CDs if you don’t want teeth marks in them. Bonkers retrieves anything round, and put away those CDs if you don’t want teeth marks in them. Bonkers retrieves anything round, so put away those CDs if you don’t want teeth marks in them.

Item 10 Andre mowed the lawn while Celia watched soap operas on television. While Andre mowed the lawn Celia watched soap operas on television. While Andre mowed the lawn Celia, on the other hand, watched soap operas on television. Andre mowed the lawn while Celia watched soap operas on television. While Andre mowed the lawn Celia watched soap operas on television. While Andre mowed the lawn Celia, on the other hand, watched soap operas on television.

The End.

Bell Ringer Feb 9/10 THINK- PAIR- SHARE How do you tell if a sentence is complex? It is the longest sentence. It has the most complicated words. It has 1 Independent clause and 1 or more dependent clauses connected with a subordinating conjunction. It has one independent clause.

Answer THINK- PAIR- SHARE How do you tell if a sentence is complex? It is the longest sentence. It has the most complicated words. It has 1 Independent clause and 1 or more dependent clauses connected with a subordinating conjunction. It has one independent clause.

Bell Ringers Feb 11/12 Identify if the sentences below are Simple, Compound, or Complex. Polyphemus couldn’t keep his eye on Odysseus, and he paid the price. Even though Odysseus is crafty, his pride made him taunt Polyphemus, and several men died as a result. Odysseus is an epic hero.

Compound sentences The seven coordinating conjunctions used as connecting words at the beginning of an independent clause are for ,and, nor, but, or, yet, and so (FANBOYS) When the second independent clause in a sentence begins with a coordinating conjunction, a comma is needed before the coordinating conjunction: Polyphemus couldn’t keep his eye on Odysseus, and he paid the price.

Complex Sentences A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, or when (and many others) or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which. Even though Odysseus is crafty, his pride made him taunt Polyphemus, and several men died as a result.

Simple Sentence A simple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought. Odysseus is an epic hero.

Bell Ringer- Feb 13/17 Get out a piece of paper and number it from 1-10. Quiz your neighbor over Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences, Lotus Eaters, and the Cyclops story.

Question 1 True or False FANBOYS is an acronym for For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, and So.

Question 2 Choose the best coordinating conjunction. Mackenzie’s clarinet squealed like a startled puppy, __________ she hadn’t practiced in weeks. because for since unless

Question 3 Choose the most effective sentence with zero errors. Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner so that we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym. Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner because we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym. Although Madison and I decided to eat ice cream for dinner, we had burned enough calories earlier at the gym.

Question 4 Choose the best subordinating conjunction. __________ Thomas scores a 100 on the final exam, he cannot pass College Algebra, a class he is taking for the third time. Because Since As a result, Unless

Question 5 True or False One can have a compound sentence in a complex sentence, but one cannot have a complex sentence in a compound sentence.

Question 6 What does Odysseus think of the way the Cyclopes live? Wild Savage Brutish All of the above

Question 7 How does Odysseus injure Polyphemus? He breaks his legs He poisons him He pokes his eye with a spike All of the above

Question 8 How does Odysseus get out of the cave? They sneak out the back door They hide under the sheep They climb out the sky light None of the above

Question 9 True or False Odysseus's curiosity gets him into trouble.

Question 10 True or False Odysseus tells Polyphemus that his name is Nobody.

1. True 6. D 2. B 7. C 3. B 8. B 4. Unless 9. True 5. True 10. True answer Key 1. True 6. D 2. B 7. C 3. B 8. B 4. Unless 9. True 5. True 10. True

bell Ringer Feb 18/19 What is this symbol? Describe what it does in our daily lives.

3 Semi- colon rules 1. Use a semicolon to join two independent clauses. 2. Use a semicolon before a conjunctive adverb ( also, besides, however, instead, meanwhile, then, and therefore) when the adverb connect two independent clauses. 3. Use a semicolon to separate groups of words or items in a series that already contain commas.

Example- Rule 1 The left shoe is under the bookshelf; the right shoe is nowhere to be found.

Example- Rule 2 John considered it his job to protect the cookies; however, Carol’s constant consumption wasn’t helping.

Example- Rule 3 Oh dear, Penelope can’t decide between the purple, plum, or periwinkle sweaters; the yellow, pink or teal pullovers; or the blue angora jacket.

Quick Quiz- Where does the semicolon go? Dad is going bald his hair is getting thinner and thinner. I really like beef, with mushroom sauce pasta, with Alfredo sauce; and salad, with French dressing. You should stop eating so much food you will have to go on a diet.

Answers Dad is going bald; his hair is getting thinner and thinner. I really like beef, with mushroom sauce; pasta, with Alfredo sauce; and salad, with French dressing. You should stop eating so much food; you will have to go on a diet.

Get a partner and an envelope. Bell Ringer 20/23 Get a partner and an envelope. Put together the sentences correctly using the semi-colon.

Bell Ringer Feb 24/25 Get out a piece of paper number from 1-10 Quiz your neighbor over semi-colon rules and the sections The Land of the Dead, Sirens, Scylla and Charybdis.

question 1 My father does not approve of his mother cruising around A B town on a Harley motorcycle however Grandma has never C D cared what anyone thinks.

Question 2-3 Where does the semicolons go? looking for 2 places. On a Harley motorcycle, my grandmother and her poodle A B have traveled to Anchorage ,Alaska San Francisco C California and Tijuana , Mexico. D

Question 4 True or False the following sentence does not need a semicolon. Grandma still rides her Harley motorcycle her toy poodle balances in a basket between the handlebars

Question 5 True or False Semicolons are used in writing to create variety; therefore, eliminating short choppy sentences.

Question 6 True or False Odysseus’ had to go to Hades before he could go home.

question 7 What happens to Eurylochus’ men (scouting crew) after they drink Circe’s wine? Turn into frogs Turn into swine Turn into drunks Turn into women

Question 8 How does Odysseus manage to hear the Sirens safely? He plugged his ears with wax He had his men tie him to the mast He made a potion out of a magical plant He made a blindfold

Question 9 What does Circe tell Odysseus to do about Scylla and Charybdis? She advises going close to Scylla, losing six men She advises going close to Charybdis, losing six men She advises not to go close to either She advises to use a magic bag of tricks

question 10 True or False Odysseus’s did not share information about the monsters because he didn’t want to panic them.

Answer Key 1. C 6. True 2. C 7. B 3. D 8. B 4. False 9. A 5. True

Bell Ringer 26/27 What do all of these sentences have in common? The statue is being visited by hundreds of tourists every year. My books were stolen by someone yesterday. These books had been left in the classroom by a careless student. Coffee is raised in many parts of Hawaii by plantation workers. The house had been broken into by someone while the owners were on vacation.

Answer: They are all in passive voice What do all of these sentences have in common? The statue is being visited by hundreds of tourists every year. My books were stolen by someone yesterday. These books had been left in the classroom by a careless student. Coffee is raised in many parts of Hawaii by plantation workers. The house had been broken into by someone while the owners were on vacation.

Understanding Active and Passive Voice The Path to Effective Writing

Verbs and Voice Voice is the form a verb takes to indicate whether the subject of the verb performs or receives the action. There are two types of voice: active voice and passive voice.

Active Voice Active Voice – indicates that the subject of the verb is acting Because the subject does or "acts upon" the verb in such sentences, the sentences are said to be in the active voice.

Active Voice These examples show that the subject is  doing the verb's action. The dog jumped onto the boy. The dog (subject) is doing the jumping (verb).

Passive Voice In a passive voice sentence, the subject and object flip-flop. The subject becomes the passive recipient of the action. Because the subject is being "acted upon" (or is passive), such sentences are said to be in the passive voice.

Passive Voice These examples show the subject being acted upon by the verb. The boy was jumped on by the dog. Boy (subject) was being jumped on (verb)

Reasons to Use the Active Voice Most writers prefer to use active voice because it is more direct. Compare Active: The waiter dropped the tray of food. Passive: The tray of food was dropped by the waiter.

Form of Passive Voice Verbs Writers should be familiar with the forms of "to be" , often called linking verbs, so that they can easily identify the passive voice in their work. Review the forms of "to be": am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been

Form of Passive Voice Verbs Note the forms of "to be" in the examples of the verb "to kick" in various forms of the passive voice: is kicked----------------had been kicked was kicked-------------is going to be kicked is being kicked---------will be kicked has been kicked-------can be kicked was being kicked------should be kicked

Form of Passive Voice Verbs Examples: Passive: The cookies were eaten by the children. Active: The children ate the cookies. Passive: The tunnels are dug by the gophers. Active: The gophers dug the tunnels.

Let’s Practice Directions: Change the sentences below to the active voice. The statue is being visited by hundreds of tourists every year. My books were stolen by someone yesterday. These books had been left in the classroom by a careless student.

Answers Directions: Change the sentences below to the active voice. Hundreds of tourists every year visit the statue. Someone stole my books yesterday. A careless student left these books in the classroom.

Bell Ringer march 2/3 What is the difference between these two sentences? Lebron threw the basketball before the buzzer. The ball was thrown by Lebron.

Write your own Sentences Write 3 sentences using ACTIVE voice about the Odyssey. You might be randomly chosen to share your sentence. Be READY!

Bell Ringer march 4/5 Get out a piece of paper and number it between 1-10. Quiz your neighbor about Passive and Active Voice and sections The Return of Odysseus, Argus and The Suitors.

Question 1 The movie is being made in Hollywood. A. Passive B. Active

Question 2 His hair was cut by a professional. A. Active B. Passive

Question 3 Rewrite in an active voice: Last summer our house was painted by me. First, the exterior was washed using warm water and a mild detergent.

Question 4 Rewrite in an active voice: Then all of the chinks in the walls were sealed with putty. After the putty had had a chance to dry, the exterior could be painted.

Question 5 Rewrite in an active voice: A latex paint was used because it is easy to apply and cleans up with water. A whole week was needed to finish this part of the job.

Question 6 What does Penelope arrange for the suitors who want to marry her? An archery contest A sword throwing contest A underwater basket weaving contest A essay contest

Question 7 Why isn’t Odysseus recognized when he first arrives? Because he is dressed as a clown Because he is dressed as an old beggar Because he is dressed as an old maid Because he is dressed as a suitor

Question 8 Who helps Odysseus fight the suitors? Penelope Antinous Telemachus Eurymachus

Question 9 Who/Whom is Argus? A. Odysseus’ trusted swineherd B. Odysseus’ loyal servant C. Odysseus’ faithful dog D. Odysseus’ best solider

Question 10 True or False The suitors are after Odysseus’ wealth as well as his wife.

Answer Key 1. B 8. C 2. B 9. C 3. Switch sentence around 10 True 4. Take out were, and had had 5. Take out was used because 6. A 7. B

Bell Ringer March 6/9 Update/Organize Portfolio to turn in at the end of the period.

Bell Ringer- March 10/11 As small groups, students will come up with answers/discussion for the following questions: 1. Was Odysseus a hero? 2. Was Odysseus’ revenge on the suitors justified? 3. What lessons does THE ODYSSEY teach students today? 4. How is the epic hero seen in today’s media, literature, etc.? Each question must have evidence for each question.

Bell Ringer March 12/13 As students come in they will be instructed to grab a green literature book and have one person from their group come to the teacher to randomly pick a story/scene from The Odyssey to reenact as form of review fort he test.

Bell Ringer- march 16/17 Get into your groups and practice/talk through your scenes for today. The order of presentations is on the board.

Bell Ringer March 18/19 Gather all your Odyssey materials for the review.