The Vocabulary of Late Gothic Style

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Presentation transcript:

The Vocabulary of Late Gothic Style

Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, England, 1089-1499 I. Context for Late Gothic architecture in Europe (1300-1550) Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, England, 1089-1499 west end (façade) east end

Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, England, 1089-1499 I. Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, England, 1089-1499 view west from choir to nave interior of choir

I. A. Nationalism on the rise, especially in England (100 Years’ War), and flourishing regional schools Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) coincides with rise of the Perpendicular Style

Choir of Wells Cathedral, England, 1310 I. C. Immanent evolutionary processes: late phases are aesthetically more complex Choir of Wells Cathedral, England, 1310 Brunswick Cathedral, Germany, 1469

Gloucester Cathedral today begun in Romanesque after Norman Invasion II. English tradition: English heterogeneity in architecture A. What aspects of Gloucester Cathedral are typical of Christian architecture in England? 6. Gloucester Cathedral today begun in Romanesque after Norman Invasion Gloucester as an Anglo-Saxon monastery reconstruction

7. Romanesque (Norman) Early English Gothic Late English Gothic II. A. 7. Romanesque (Norman) Early English Gothic Late English Gothic Salisbury Cathedral Gloucester Cathedral Durham Cathedral

Gloucester Cathedral – Romanesque (Norman) beginnings II. B. What architectural characteristic of the nave of Gloucester Cathedral are Romanesque and which Gothic? Gloucester Cathedral – Romanesque (Norman) beginnings Romanesque (Norman) nave Romanesque (Norman) Gloucester (still remains under Gothic additions

Gloucester Cathedral – Romanesque (Norman) beginnings II. B. Gloucester Cathedral – Romanesque (Norman) beginnings Romanesque (Norman) nave

Romanesque nave elevation Romanesque Durham Cathedral II. B. 1. Romanesque sophistication: how Romanesque is the nave elevation (1089-1130)? Gloucester Cathedral Romanesque nave elevation Romanesque Durham Cathedral

Early English Gothic nave Early English Gothic vault II. B. Gothic Structure – What French Gothic structural expedients are present in Gloucester’s early English Gothic nave vault and which are not? 8. Early English Gothic nave Early English Gothic vault Salisbury Cathedral Gloucester Cathedral

Gloucester Cathedral – nave nave seen from cloister II. B. Gloucester Cathedral – nave Romanesque nave elevation w/ Gothic vaults added nave seen from cloister

III. Late Gothic style: the birth of a unique Gothic aesthetic in Gloucester’s east half (transept + choir): the English Perpendicular style Gloucester Cathedral

Gloucester Cathedral choir III. A. Origins: What are characteristics of the Perpendicular style and what are the roots in the laicization in Late Gothic style? 1. mullions Gloucester Cathedral choir

Eleanor crosses (microarchitecture) Gloucester Cathedral choir III. B. 2. repeated outlines of canopied niches Eleanor crosses (microarchitecture) Gloucester Cathedral choir

Gloucester Cathedral choir III. A. 3. liernes (short decorative ribs) Gloucester Cathedral choir tunnel vault with mesh of dense ribs

Gloucester Cathedral - Choir III. B. Aesthetic effects: How does the articulation of interiors in Perpendicular architecture subordinate detail to overall effect? Gloucester Cathedral - Choir

Gloucester Cathedral – choir vault III. B. Gloucester Cathedral – choir vault

Gloucester Cathedral – Lady Chapel III. B. 1. How does the more flattened four-center arch help maintain perpendicularity? Gloucester Cathedral – Lady Chapel

Gloucester Cathedral choir III. B. 2. Where is Gothic verticality finally released? Gloucester Cathedral choir

Gloucester Cathedral Cloister, 1351-64 III. B. 3. Fan vaults - How does their design help achieve unity between walls, windows, & vaulted ceiling? Gloucester Cathedral Cloister, 1351-64

Gloucester Cathedral cloister III. B. 3. Gloucester Cathedral cloister

Gloucester Cathedral – fan vaults in cloister III. B. 3. Gloucester Cathedral – fan vaults in cloister

Rose window, Reims Cathedral, France IV. Theory: How can Perpendicular Gothic be reconciled with the theological speculation about the spiritual significance of light (Gothic theory)? Rose window, Reims Cathedral, France Gloucester Cathedral cloister fan vaults

Gloucester Cathedral choir IV. Gloucester Cathedral choir