1 st Semester 7 th Grade Review

Periodic Table and Atoms

1. Identify the location of the following subatomic particles: A: protons and neutrons B: electrons

1. Answer A: in the nucleus B: in the other rings, electron Cloud Nucleus Rings

2. Look at your periodic table. Name one atom that will have similar properties to the element listed: A: Sodium B: Silver C: Neon

2. Answers A: Potassium B: Gold C: Helium (These are one example of each)

3. A compound is composed of two or more elements that are __________ combined.

3. Answer Chemically Combined NaCl : Sodium Chloride

4 – 6 Use Chart on Handout to help answer. GasAtomicNumberAtomicMassMeltingPointBoilingPoint Lithium Sodium Potassium Rubidium

4. What is the relationship between the atomic number and atomic mass of the above Alkali Earth Metals?

4. Answer As the atomic number goes up the atomic mass goes up

5. What is the relationship between atomic number and melting point for these elements?

5. Answer The lower the number of protons (atomic #) the higher the melting point

6. Where would the information for Cesium fit onto this table?

6. Answer At the bottom of the chart, below Rubidium

Use the following symbols to create a model as listed below: Sodium Oxygen Carbon Helium

7. Draw any compound 2 Oxygen 1 Carbon

7. Answer Carbon Dioxide CO 2

oxygen Oxygen 8. Draw any element

8. Answer O2O2O2O2

Use the following chemical equation to answer the questions which follow: CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

The equation above demonstrates the process of

Answer Photosynthesis

The function of photosynthesis is to take __________ out of the atmosphere and provide ______________ to living things.

Answer Take carbon dioxide out of atmosphere Put Oxygen back into atmosphere

During photosynthesis, ________________ energy from the sun is transformed into ________________ energy.

Answer Solar energy from Sun Transferred into

9. Which part of this equation is considered to be an element? CO2 + H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + O2

9. Answer O2O2O2O2

10. Which part of this equation is considered to be a compound? CO2 + H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + O2

10. Answer CO 2 H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6

11. Change in motion is caused by an ________________ force.

11. Answers Unbalanced

Identify the following examples as either kinetic or potential energy.

Kinetic or Potential 12: A book sitting on a desk 13: Water moving through water hose 14: A dish on a table 15: A person Sleeping

Answers 12: potential 13: kinetic 14: potential 15: potential

16. If we were to describe what is happening to you as you sit at your desk we could say that your body is _______ on the chair and that the chair is __________ up on you preventing you from falling through the Earth.

16. Answer The chair is pushing up on you You are pushing down on the chair Example of a Balanced Force

17. Which of Newton’s three laws describes the motion of a water sprinkler when the direction of the sprinkler is the opposite of the flow of water?

17. Answer 3 rd Law of Motion For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

18. Which of Newton’s laws describes the behavior of your book sitting on the table until someone moves it?

18. Answer 1 st law of Motion An object at rest will stay at rest, an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force

19. Give at least two examples of the following types of simple machines: A: Inclined Plane B: Pulley C: Wedge D: Wheel and Axle

19. Answer A: ramp B: blinds, water from well, bike chain around gear C: Ax, knife D: car tires

22. Which bone(s) are responsible for protecting your lungs?

22. Answer Ribs

23. What type of muscles, voluntary or involuntary, or cardiac, control the following functions: A: Muscle found in the heart B: Muscle that move bones C: Muscles that control major functions of body D: Muscles that control breathing when you are not thinking about breathing E: Muscles that are found in the stomach

23. Answer A: Cardiac B: Voluntary C: Involuntary D: Involuntary E: Involuntary

24. What is the primary function of the following organs… A: Large Intestine B: Small Intestine C: Stomach D: Heart E: Lungs F: Alveoli

24. Answer A: To remove excess liquid & pass on waste B: To absorb nutrients C: To mix up food D: To pump blood through out the body E: To give fresh Oxygen to body, remove Carbon Dioxide F: Air sacs in lungs that store and release oxygen

25. List, in order, the sequence of organs through which food passes after it enters your mouth.

25. Answer Mouth to Esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to rectum to anus

26. Briefly explain how nutrients that are processed by the digestive system are able to get to all of the body cells.

26. Answer The nutrients are absorbed in small intestine and transferred to blood then goes to other parts of body through blood vessels.

27. How do the skeletal, muscular, and circulatory systems work together so that you can enjoy movement?

27. Answer Skeletal- Gives shape Muscular- allows movement Circulatory- oxygen travels in blood to all cells in the body

28. Which three systems must work together to bring oxygen to your body cells?

28. Answer RespiratoryCirculatoryMuscular

29. Which structures in your respiratory system are responsible for filtering dust, pollen and other materials of the air before it reaches your lungs?

29. Answer Mucus Linings Cecilia (hairs)

30. What forces push the blood through your blood vessels?

30. Answer Heart Pumping –Contraction of the ventricles pushing the blood out of the heart

31: Identify the following examples as being a response to either an internal or external stimuli A: Getting a blister on your heel from new shoes B: Sneezing after inhaling dust C: Running a fever when you are sick D: Getting a sunburn form being outside all day

31. Answer A: external B: Internal C: Internal D: External

Laboratory Equipment and Units of Measurement: List the type of equipment that would be used to measure the following or quantities:

The volume of an amount of water ______________________ 33. The volume of a box _____________________ 34. The mass of a rock ______________________

32-34 Answers 32. Beaker / Graduated Cylinder 33. Ruler 34. Spring Scale

List the units of measurement that would be used to measure the following distances: 35. The length of a pencil tip ________________ 36. The length of a book _____________________ 37. The length of a table in the cafeteria _______________________ 38. The distance from Houston to Dallas _________________ 39. The distance from Earth to the Moon ___________________ 40. The distance from Earth to a star named Alpha Centauri ____________

35 – 40 Answers 35. mm 36. in /cm 37. feet / meters 38. miles / kilometers 39. light year 40. light year

Experimental Design: Read the following laboratory scenario. Use the information to answer the questions (1)In a laboratory, a group of students observed an Alka Seltzer© tablet. (2) It was round, white, and had a mass of 5g. (3) Students wanted to find out whether the tablet would react faster if the whole tablet was placed in water or if it would react faster if it was crushed first. (4) The students crushed an Alka Seltzer tablet and placed it in one beaker and a whole tablet in another beaker. (5) Next they added 10 mL’s of water to each beaker. (6) Both tablets bubbled when water was added. (7)One student was responsible for recording how long it took the samples to begin reacting and another student recorded the duration of the reaction. (how long the seltzer and water continued to react) (8) This procedure was repeated several times and recorded in a data table.

41. Which statement identifies the physical properties of the Alka Seltzer©?

Answer Statement 2 It was round, white, and had a mass of 5g.

42. In which statement do students identify the experimental problem they will test? _____

Answer Statement 3 Students wanted to find out whether the tablet would react faster if the whole tablet was placed in water or it is would react faster if it was crushed first

43. What was/ were the control(s) in the experiment?

Answer Beaker Type of Water and amount of water

44. What was the independent variable?

Answer Time

45. What was the dependent variable?

Answer Appearance of tablet

46. Which statement(s) explain(s) the procedures of the experiment?

Answer Statement 4 The students crushed an Alka-Seltzer Tablet and placed it in one beaker and a whole tablet in another beaker.

47. Which statement describes a physical change to the Alka Seltzer© tablet?

Answer Statement 4 The students crushed an Alka-Seltzer Tablet and placed it in one beaker and a whole tablet in another beaker.

48. Which statement describes a chemical change to the Alka Seltzer© tablet?

Answer Statement 4 The students crushed an Alka-Seltzer Tablet and placed it in one beaker and a whole tablet in another beaker.

List the steps and explain how energy is transformed from –chemical energy into mechanical energy: –radiant energy to mechanical energy: –mechanical energy to electrical energy:

Answer Chemical to Mechanical

Answer –radiant energy to mechanical energy:

Answer –mechanical energy to electrical energy: