New Horizon English Course Section A If You Don’t Make Mistakes, You Won’t Learn!

CONTENTS Warming up Reading through Exercise Text A Main Idea & Structure Words & Expressions Exercise

Warming up Activity I Spot Dictation Activity II Watch and Discuss

Spot Dictation Directions: Fill in the blanks without referring to the original text. Then check your answers against the original. After that, read the passage aloud until you can say it from memory. These experiences taught Kim an important________ about learning English well: You have to be _________. Never be afraid of ________ _________. You have to _______ to learn the language – you can’t just _____ in your own room and only study _________. You have to go and _______ to people and listen to them speak. lesson brave making mistakes dare sit grammar talk

Topic: What shall I do when making mistakes? Watch & Discussion Topic: What shall I do when making mistakes? Disney and Pixar’s A BUG’S LIFE presents an amazing new perspective on teamwork and determination. On behalf of “oppressed bugs” everywhere, an inventive ant named Flik hires “warrior bugs” to defend his colony from a horde of freeloading grasshoppers, led by Hopper. This clip describes the mistake Flik made, which led to the crisis to the ants world.

Brainstorming 1. I am afraid of making mistakes because… Discussion: After seeing the film clip of A BUG’S LIFE , what do you think about making mistakes in English learning? 1. I am afraid of making mistakes because… 2. I am aware that it is no use being embarrassed but… 3. I never feel embarrassed because… Reference

What shall I do when making mistakes in leaning English? In learning a foreign language, we should bear in mind that it is nothing but natural to make mistakes, though it is a process full of twists and turns. In learning a foreign language, we are constantly trying to express things beyond our language capacity, leading to a variety of mistakes. In learning vocabulary, for example, we may make mistakes of over-extension, such as applying the word cat to all four-legged animals. Or we make mistakes of under-extension, such as using cat only for their cat at home, as if it were a name. In fact, making such mistakes is quite normal, but we may feel uncomfortable because we think that we are losing face. >>>

What shall I do when making mistakes in leaning English? This notion is indeed harmful in learning language. If we are afraid of making mistakes or losing face, we will not go further in our learning process. Making mistakes can help us gain more information about the world and how language is used to describe it. If we can identify the mistakes by ourselves or they are corrected by others, we can learn in a more effective way. In this sense, if we understand what making mistakes means to us and enjoy losing our faces in learning language, we can all become successful language learners.

Reading Through

If You Don’t Make Mistakes, You Won’t Learn! Text A If You Don’t Make Mistakes, You Won’t Learn! At Sunday’s graduation, Su-Kyeong Kim will speak to the 385 members of her class. This might seem like a dream to a girl like her. Kim hardly spoke a word of English when she first arrived in the USA four years ago. But now, her dream has become a reality. Chinese Text A Para. 1

Kim was only 15 years old when she first arrived. Within four years, though, she has managed to become so fluent in English that she doesn’t even have a foreign accent! She has won many awards, and has even written a book about her experiences in learning English. Chinese Text A Para. 2

Kim first saw the need for the book when she began helping Korean students at her school after they had just arrived in the country. She knew they were having the same troubles that she had experienced. Chinese Text A Para. 3

“You think you are the only person feeling embarrassed when making mistakes,” she said when we interviewed her, “but everyone does it.” She calls her book Looking for Trouble. It means that the road to success in learning a second language can be difficult. “I want others to know that it’s OK to make mistakes,” she said, “that nothing can be gained without risk. Lots of people think other people do not make mistakes. It’s not true. Everyone makes mistakes. But you can turn those mistakes into a big step toward your success.” Chinese Text A Para. 4

In the book, Kim writes about her “terrible” situations: a taxi driver left her and her mother in a dark parking lot at midnight because they had not been able to give the driver the right address in English; she gave the wrong pronunciation of the word “sheet” in asking for a piece of paper, and her teacher thought that she had said a rude word; she heard a girl say “Do you mind if I sit with you?” and she answered “Yes!” loudly. Chinese Text A Para. 5

These experiences taught Kim an important lesson about learning English well: You have to be brave. Never be afraid of making mistakes. You have to dare to learn the language— you can’t just sit in your own room and only study grammar. You have to go and talk to people and listen to them speak. Take a leaf out of Kim’s book! Chinese Text A Para. 6-7

Meaning: At the graduation ceremony on Sunday, At Sunday’s graduation, Su-Kyeong Kim will speak to the 385 members of her class. 1 Meaning: At the graduation ceremony on Sunday, Su-Kyeong Kim will make a speech to her 385 classmates. Meaning of the Sentences

Meaning of the Sentences 2 Within four years, though, she has managed to become so fluent in English that she doesn’t even have a foreign accent! Meaning: After four years of practice, she is now successful in speaking English in as easy and smooth a manner as a native English speaker! Meaning of the Sentences

Meaning: When Kim started helping Korean students at her 3 Kim first saw the need for the book when she began helping Korean students at her school after they had just arrived in the country. Meaning: When Kim started helping Korean students at her school after they had just come to America, she noticed for the first time that they needed a book like that. Meaning of the Sentences

Meaning: “but everybody feels uncomfortable when he or 4 “but everyone does it.” Meaning: “but everybody feels uncomfortable when he or she makes mistakes.” does it = makes mistakes Meaning of the Sentences

Meaning: She said, “I want to show others that it doesn’t 5 “I want others to know that it’s OK to make mistakes,” she said, “that nothing can be gained without risk…” Meaning: She said, “I want to show others that it doesn’t matter if you make mistakes because you can obtain nothing if you don’t take risks… Meaning of the Sentences

… she gave the wrong pronunciation of the word “sheet” in asking for a piece of paper, and her teacher thought that she had said a rude word… 6 Meaning: … when she asked her teacher to give her a sheet of paper, she pronounced the word “sheet” in a wrong way (—probably it sounded like the rude word “shit”), and this caused her teacher to think that she had said an impolite word (“shit”). Meaning of the Sentences

… she heard a girl say “Do you mind if I sit with you?” And she answered “Yes!” loudly. 7 Meaning: … at the time, when a girl asked her, “Do you mind if I sit with you?” she made a serious mistake by giving the wrong answer, “Yes!” in a loud voice (in fact, she should have answered: “No, I don’t mind at all.”). Meaning of the Sentences

… you can’t just sit in your own room and only study grammar. 8 Meaning: It is not enough for you to just sit in your room study the rules of English. Meaning of the Sentences

Main Idea Kim has made a great progress in learning English within only four years. At first, she knew nothing about English. But now, she can speak to the 385 members of her class fluently without a foreign accent. She intended to share her experiences with others by writing a book called Looking for Trouble. She lists some examples of troubles she encountered, which are caused by her mistakes. She wants to tell all of us: “Everybody makes mistakes in learning a foreign language. If you don’t make mistakes, you won’t learn!” Main Idea & Structure

Structure Part II: Para. 3-4 Part III: Para. 5-7 Part I: Para. 1-2 Main idea: Kim has made a great progress in learning English within only four years. Main idea: Kim reveals her intention in writing a book called Looking for Trouble for the sake of the new arrivals to the U.S. Main idea: Kim’s experiences tell us that we ought to be brave and never be afraid of making mistakes when learning a foreign language. Main Idea & Structure

Words & Expressions New Words reality manage fluent embarrass risk accent fluent award embarrass interview risk situation sheet

take a leaf out of someone’s book Words & Expressions Expressions seem like ask for teach someone a lesson be afraid of dare to (do something) take a leaf out of someone’s book

e.g. This might seem like a dream to a girl like her. 这对像她这样的女孩好似一场梦。 Practice 1.好象要下雨。 2.你好象反对这个计划。 It seems like rain. It seems that you object to the plan. Expressions

【1】something or everything that is real 真实的事物； reality n. 【1】something or everything that is real 真实的事物； 现实 e.g. We had hoped that things would get easier, but the reality was very different. 【2】the quality or state of being real 真实；实在 e.g. Tom and his little sister believe in the reality of Santa Claus. 【派】real; realize New Words

manage v. 【1】succeed in taking, using, or doing 有能力做；有办法处 理 e.g. Don’t worry—I’m sure I can manage on my own. 【2】be in control or charge of the affairs of, especially the business affairs of; be or act as the manager of 管理；经营 e.g. Bob was quite sure of his ability to manage a company. Can you manage the child well? New Words

fluent adj. 【1】(of speech, writing, etc.) expressed readily and without pause （说、写等）流利的 e.g. Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak fluent Chinese. 【2】(of a person) speaking, writing, or playing a musical instrument in an easy smooth manner（说话、写作 及演奏乐器等）熟练的；流畅的 e.g. The president of our company is fluent in several languages, including Japanese and English. 【派】fluency; fluently Back New Words

accent (c.f. pronunciation 发音，读音) n. a particular way of speaking, usually connected with a country, area, or social class 口音；乡音 e.g. I can’t recognize your accent. The old farmer spoke with a strong regional accent. (c.f. pronunciation 发音，读音) New Words

n. something, especially a prize or money, given as the result award n. something, especially a prize or money, given as the result of an official decision 奖金；奖品；（损害赔偿等之）裁定额 e.g. I worked very hard as a physics teacher, and won many teaching awards. vt. give, especially as the result of an official decision（尤指官 方决定）给予；授予 e.g. The board chairman decided to award him a gold cup for his creative achievements in the development of the new product. New Words

Give the proper English names to the pictures below. 奖状 奖杯 奖章 奖品 Certificate of merit medal prizes/awards cup New Words

vt. cause to feel anxious and uncomfortable, especially embarrass: vt. cause to feel anxious and uncomfortable, especially in a social situation; make self-conscious（尤指在交 际场合）使窘迫；使尴尬 e.g. John held himself back from public activities because he felt embarrassed to be around strangers. His actions have put the government in an embarrassing position. 【派】 embarrassment n. New Words

interview v. ask questions (of someone) in an interview 采访（某人）；对（某人）进行面谈（面试） e.g. I asked her if she would allow me to interview her, and she readily agreed. 【派】interviewer; interviewee n. an occasion when a person is asked questions by one or more other people, either to decide whether he/she is a suitable person to be given a job, a place at a college, etc. ; or to find out about his/her opinions, ideas, etc. so that they can be printed in a newspaper, magazine, or broadcast （对求职者、学校考生等的）面试；面谈；（记者等的）采访 e.g. He set off early for the interview. New Words

risk n. (of) (a) danger; (a) possibility that something harmful or undesirable may happen 危险（性）；风险 e.g. If you drive carefully, you’ll have no risk of getting a ticket from the police. Nobody is successful in business without taking a few risks. v. put in danger; take the chance of losing 使遭受危险；冒失 去······之险 e.g. You’d better take a raincoat with you; otherwise, you’ll risk getting caught in the rain. New Words

run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒着······的危险 at the risk of sth. 冒着······的危险 be at risk 陷于危险中 risk sth. 使陷入危险 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒着······的危险 Use the phrases above to complete the sentences below. 1. She saved my life ____________losing her own. 2. You're _______ your health by smoking. 3. Millions of life are _______ because of shortage of food. 4. I knew I was ________ a great many _____. 5. The brave soldiers _______ being killed by the enemy. Practice at the risk of risking at risk running risks risked New Words

【1】a position or state at a particular time; a set of conditions, situation n. 【1】a position or state at a particular time; a set of conditions, facts, and events, having an effect on a person, society, etc. 状况；境遇；形势 e.g. Susan is in a difficult situation — she can’t decide what to do. 【2】a position with regard to surroundings （相对于周围环境的） 位置；环境 e.g. The geographical situation of the city is good for developing businesses. New Words

【1】a broad regularly shaped piece of a thin or flat material, sheet n. 【1】a broad regularly shaped piece of a thin or flat material, such as paper, glass, or metal （纸、玻璃、金属等的） （一薄）片；块；张 e.g. She is writing something on a sheet of notepaper. 【2】a large, four-sided piece of cloth, usually made of cotton or nylon, used in a pair on a bed — one above and one below a person lying on it 被单；床单；褥单 e.g. Without a washing machine, it is not easy to wash the sheets by hand. New Words

ask for 要求；请求 在要一张纸的时候，她把“sheet”这个字念错了。 e.g. She gave the wrong pronunciation of the word “sheet” in asking for a piece of paper. 在要一张纸的时候，她把“sheet”这个字念错了。 Practice 1.她要我给她一杯饮料。 2.工人再次要求加薪。 She asked me for a drink. The workers are asking for another increase in pay. Expressions

teach someone a lesson 给某人一个教训 learn one’s lesson 得到教训 Practice 1. 他骑自行车不扶把手，从车上摔了下来，这给了他一个教训。 He fell off his bike after trying to ride it without holding on to the handlebars, which taught him a lesson. 2. 我希望他能从这次失败中得到教训。 I hope that he can learn his lesson from this failure. Expressions

be afraid of doing sth. 不敢/害怕做某事 e.g. Never be afraid of making mistakes. 决不能害怕犯错误。 Practice 1.我没把事情告诉她是怕她听了心烦。 。 2.你不应该害怕犯拼写错误 I didn’t tell her because I was afraid of upsetting her. You shouldn’t be afraid of making spelling mistakes. Expressions

dare to (do sth.) 胆敢；敢于 e.g. You have to dare to learn the language. 你必须要敢学语言。 Practice 1.我们都知道是她错了，但没一个人敢这么对她说。 We all knew that she was wrong, but none of us dared to tell her the truth. 2.快要大选之时政府决不敢加税。 The government would never dare to increase tax so soon before the election. Expressions

Many young men want to take a leaf from Bill Gates’s book. take a leaf from/out of someone’s book 学某人的样；以某人为榜样 (sb.) turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页，改过自新 Practice 1. 许多年轻人都想向比尔·盖茨学习。 Many young men want to take a leaf from Bill Gates’s book. 2. 他意识到自己错了，并发誓改正过来。 He realized that he was in the wrong and promised to turn over a new leaf. Expressions

Exercises Using the Right Word Working with Expressions Focusing on Sentence Structure Translating Using Topic-related Terms Basic Writing Skills

accent award success success award manage interview embarrass Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below, changing the form if necessary. Fill each blank with one word only. success award manage interview embarrass accent fluent risk reality situation 1.She speaks Japanese with a Chinese_______ . 2.One of the firefighters (消防队员) won a(n)_______ for bravery (勇敢). 3.Hard work and good ideas will lead to________ in business. accent award success Using the Right Word

interviews risks reality fluent managed Mr. Black _________ famous people every week in his radio program. Some young men started smoking without realizing what the _____ were. Tony Green has worked very hard to make his dream a(n) _________ . Ann speaks _______ Japanese, as she has lived there for three years. The box was very heavy, but Tom still ________ to carry it home. interviews risks reality fluent managed Using the Right Word

Working with Expressions Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb. There is a need_____ the skills in learning English. You are asking______ trouble if you let your child play with fire. I didn’t tell her the bad news, as I was afraid______ making her sad. When he woke up, he found himself______ the hospital. for for of in Working with Expressions

Working with Expressions 5. We should all take a leaf ______ of Lei Feng’s book. 6. Tom’s dream is to become a doctor, and he is working very hard to turn his dream ____ a reality. 7. If you learn English well, you are on the road ______ success. 8. “It is OK now,” the man said to his family when they were finally ______ of danger. out into to out Working with Expressions

Focusing on Sentence Structure A. Combine the following pairs of sentences after the models, using the restrictive attributive clause（限制性定语从句） to modify the noun before it. Model 1: - She knew they were having the same troubles. - She had experienced these troubles. Key: - She knew they were having the same troubles that she had experienced. Focusing on Sentence Structure

Focusing on Sentence Structure Model 2: - He received a letter. - The letter announced (宣布) the death of his uncle. Key: - He received the letter which announced the death of his uncle. Exercises Focusing on Sentence Structure

Focusing on Sentence Structure 1. - She is the girl. - The girl wrote the book Looking for Trouble. 2. - There are many people. - These people want to see the film. 3. - After dinner, the four important men went on with their talking. - Their talking would decide the young man’s fate (命运). - She is the girl who wrote the book Looking for Trouble. - There are many people who want to see the film. - After dinner, the four important men went on with their talking which would decide the young man’s fate. Focusing on Sentence Structure

Focusing on Sentence Structure B. Combine the following pairs of sentences after the models, using the structure “so... that…”. Model 1: - Within four years, she has managed to become very fluent in English. - She doesn’t even have a foreign accent! Key: - Within four years, she has managed to become so fluent in English that she doesn’t even have a foreign accent! Focusing on Sentence Structure

Focusing on Sentence Structure Model 2: - When he made a silly mistake, he became very embarrassed. - His face turned bright red and he could not speak a word. Key: - When he made a silly mistake, he became so embarrassed that his face turned bright red and he could not speak a word. Exercises Focusing on Sentence Structure

Focusing on Sentence Structure 1. - The girl felt very happy. - She wanted to sing and dance all night. 2. - This English radio program is very difficult. - I can hardly understand it. 3. - The film was very boring. - We almost fell asleep. - The girl felt so happy that she wanted to sing and dance all night. - This English radio program is so difficult that I can hardly understand it. - The film was so boring that we almost fell asleep. Focusing on Sentence Structure

A. Translate the following into English. 1.假如你让他待在你家，你就是在自找麻烦。(ask for) If you let him stay in your home, you are asking for trouble. 2.善于学习语言的人能够把他们的错误变成通向成功的一大步。(turn ... into) Good language learners can turn their mistakes into a big step toward their success. Translating

3. 这次事故（accident）给了他一个教训，从那以后他再也不会酒后驾车了。(teach someone a lesson) 4. 我们都应该以李明为榜样，学好英语。(take a leaf out of someone’s book) The accident taught him a lesson, and from then on, he would never drive a car after drinking. We should all take a leaf out of Li Ming’s book and learn English well. Translating

B. Translate the following into Chinese. Within four years, she has managed to become so fluent in English that she doesn’t even have a foreign accent! 2. She knew they were having the same troubles that she had experienced. 在短短四年的时间里，她能说一口流利的英语，而且不带外国口音！ 她了解他们正在经历着她以前经历过的同样的麻烦。 Translating

3. She calls her book Looking for Trouble 3. She calls her book Looking for Trouble. She chose this name to show that the road to success in learning a second language can be difficult. 4. These experiences taught Kim an important lesson: if you want to learn English well, you have to be brave. 她将她的书命名为《寻找麻烦》，她选择这个书名以表明学习第二语言的成功之路会充满艰辛。 这些经历给金上了重要的一课：要想学好英语，就必须要大胆。 Translating

Using Topic-related Terms Directions: All of the following words and expressions are related to the learning of English. Read them closely and then use them to complete the sentences that describe the learning of English. Make changes where necessary. have a foreign accent teach someone an important lesson the road to success (in doing something) be/feel embarrassed study grammar be/become fluent in English Using Topic-related Terms

Using Topic-related Terms 1. Li Ming’s experiences in learning English _____. 2. With a lot of practice, Wang Ling has become _____ . 3. Now Wang Ling is so fluent in English that she doesn’t _____ . 4. Now I’ve come to know that _____ in learning English is really not smooth（平坦的）. 5. When I make a mistake in English learning, I usually _____ and my face turns red. 6. It is not that helpful in learning English to _____ only. taught him an important lesson fluent in English have a foreign accent the road to success feel embarrassed study grammar Using Topic-related Terms

大写 (Capitalization) 的规则 1. 句子开头的第一个字母大写。例如： What does the presenter sound like? Take a leaf out of Su-Kyeong Kim’s book! (Text A, Unit2, Book 1) Listening to a radio program in a foreign language is difficult for many of us. (Text B, Unit 2, Book 1) Basic Writing Skills

2. 人名、地名、国家、民族、机构、课程等专有名词的首 字母都需要大写；月份、节日、星期等名称也需要大写；例如： Someone told me about a good bank: the College Savings. I came to Marymount University here in Virginia from New York. (Text B, Unit 1, Book 1) Now Su-Kyeong Kim is getting ready to go to Stanford University, California, in September to study Japanese and International Business. Exercises Basic Writing Skills

C C Graham Bell Ritz Hotel morning Mark the sentences with correct capitalization with C (= Correct). Then make necessary corrections in all the other sentences. Model: Key: he is a tall man with gray hair. He is a tall man with gray hair. 1. The robber escaped from the police. ( ) 2. They are studying English for business. ( ) 3. Alexander graham bell invented the telephone.( ) 4. Mr. Lewis works at the ritz hotel. ( ) 5. Mary will come here on Saturday Morning. ( ) C C Graham Bell Ritz Hotel morning Basic Writing Skills

Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province; West Lake; March 6. People of hangzhou, zhejiang province, first began noticing a few dead fish in the west lake in march. ( ) 7. Jack is an american boy who has been brought up by chinese parents. ( ) 8. The train for beijing leaves at six. ( ) Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province; West Lake; March American; Chinese Beijing Basic Writing Skills

Para. 1 在周日的毕业典礼上，金素静将面对她所在班级的385名同学发表演讲。对于像她这样的女孩来说，这似乎是个梦。4年前金刚来美国时连一个英语单词都不会说，但此刻她梦想成真了。 译 文

Para. 2 金素静刚来美国时只有15岁。然而在短短4年的时间里，她能说一口流利的英语，而且不带外国口音！从那时起，她赢得了许多奖项，还写了一本有关她的英语学习经历的书。 译 文

Para. 3 译 文 当金开始帮助学校里刚来美国的韩国学生时，她首先发现了写这本书的必要性。她了解他们正在经历着她曾经经历过的同样的麻烦。

Para. 4 译 文 “当你犯错误时，你认为你是惟一感到尴尬的人，”我们采访她时她说道，“但是人人都一样。”她将她的书命名为《寻找麻烦》，她选择这个书名以表明学习第二语言的成功之路会充满艰辛。“我想让其他人知道，犯错误没什么大不了，”她说，“不冒险则一无所获。许多人认为别人不会犯错误，但事实并非如此。人人都会犯错误，但你可以将这些错误变成迈向成功的一大步。”

Para. 5 译 文 金在书中写到她所经历的一些“可怕的”境遇：出租车司机半夜将她和她母亲留在黑暗的停车场里，就因为她们不能用英语告诉司机确切的地址；当她向老师要一张纸时，她竟然把“sheet”（一张）的发音给发错了，结果老师以为她说了粗话；她听到一位女孩对她说：“你介意我坐在你旁边吗？”她大声地回答：“是的！”

Para. 6-7 译 文 这些经历给金就如何学好英语上了重要的一课：你得勇敢，绝不能害怕犯错误；学习英语你必须要大胆；你不能只坐在房间里学习语法，你要去和人交谈，去倾听他们的谈话。 以金为榜样吧！