Unit 3 Part 2 The Periodic Table ICP Mr. Patel SWHS

Organizing the PT Properties of elements are used to sort them Mendeleev – 1 st periodic table – Arranged elements based on atomic mass – Made predictions of new elements

Organizing the PT Modern periodic table arranges elements based on atomic number Periodic Law: repetition of physical and chemical properties

Metals Most elements Good conductors, high luster, ductile, malleable Most are solid (except Hg) Found left of stair-step line

Nonmetals Contains the gaseous elements Mostly gas, few solids at room temp Poor conductors Brittle Found to right of stair-step line

Metalloids/Semimetals Properties of metals and nonmetals – Based on physical conditions Found above and below stair-step line

Periodic Table Each block gives information about the element Groups – columns Periods – rows Representative Elements – Groups 1A to 7A

1 H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc (98) 44 Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po (209) 85 At (210) 86 Rn (222) 87 Fr (223) 88 Ra (226) 89 Ac Rf (261) 105 Db (262) 106 Sg (263) 107 Ns (264) 108 Hs (265) 109 Mt (268) 110 Ds (281) 111 Rg (272) 112 Uub (285) 58 Ce Pr Nd Pm (145) 62 Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Th Pa U Np (237) 94 Pu (244) 95 Am (243) 96 Cm (247) 97 Bk (247) 98 Cf (251) 99 Es (252) 100 Fm (257) 101 Md (258) 102 No (259) 103 Lr (260) Atomic Number Element symbol Weighted average atomic mass 63 Eu Groups Periods

Group 1A Called the Alkali Metals Elements: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr (largest atom) Very reactive with air and water Form Bases (alkali)

Group 2A Called the Alkaline-Earth Metals Elements: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr (pic), Ba, Ra Abundant in Earth Crust Reactive with water - bases

Group 7A Called Halogens Elements: F, Cl, Br, I, At Form salts

Group 8A Called Noble Gases Elements: He, Ne, Ar, Kr (pic), Xe, Rn Full electron shell Not Reactive Gases

The Middle Ones Elements between 2A and 3A Transition metals – colors Inner Transition metals at bottom of Periodic Table – Synthetic /Radioactive

IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIIIB IB IIB Alkali metals Alkaline earth metals Noble gases Halogens Transition metals Lanthanoids Actinoids Inner Transition metals Groups Periods The Periodic Table of Elements